Chemistry
Grade-7
Easy
Question
The soap molecule has a
- Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
- Hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail
- Hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail
- Hydrophilic head and a hydrophilic tail
Hint:
The tail pulls the dirt in the water.
The correct answer is: Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
- The soap molecule has a Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.
- Aqueous solutions of soap are basic in nature because soap is a salt of a strong base (sodium hydroxide) and a weak acid (carboxylic acid). A soap molecule consists of two parts:
- Long hydrocarbon and short ionic moieties with -COO-Na+ groups.
- Soap molecules are said to be tadpole-shaped. Long hydrocarbon chains are hydrophobic (water-repellent), so the hydrocarbon portion of the soap molecule is insoluble in water but soluble in fats and oils.
- The ionic portion of the soap molecule is hydrophilic (attracts water) due to the polarity of the water molecule. Therefore, the ionic part of the soap molecule is soluble in water, but not fat.
- When there is soap on the water surface, hydrophobic tails that are insoluble in water line up along the water surface.
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