Physics-
General
Easy
Question
The graph shows the variation of temperature (T) of one kilogram of a material with the heat (H) supplied to it. At O, the substance is in the solid state. From the graph, we can conclude that
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAKgAAAByCAYAAADH7pr9AAAOdklEQVR4nO2dXWgbVxbH/1oncXGWRGnjZpO6Qbbc9KFsaxdSSrFT2dtaanehCiy7brZguZAG6SVWaRy6BMtis9tISzvKw8auCVhmH+SHJRJtKLUplmsJE7IlUkJpIbXkwTjeTT/wuKGpSz7uPrgzq2+NpPmSdX8g4hnfufeMc3TnnjPnnKsjhBBQKBrlF2oLQKEUgiooRdNQBaVoGqqgFE1DFZSiaaiCUjQNVVCKpqEKStE0VEEpmoYqKEXTUAWlaBrJFZRlWam7pNQwkioox3Ho6uqSsktKjSOpgvp8PrAsi+HhYSm7pdQwRRXUYrFAp9NlfSYnJ9PacRyHiYkJABD+pVAqpaCCJpNJAAAhBGazGZFIRPi5t7c3ra3f7wfDMACAYDAIn88nk8gUtYjH4wiFQsoOSkRiNBpJIpHI+/twOEx+Dn4mhBCyuLgotmtKlWAymQjDMIqOKWoNys+kLS0teduYTKa0Y4PBUP63hqI5+JnTZrMpOu4WMY0uX76Mnp4euWWhaBSO4+B2u8EwDPR6vaJji5pB5+bmcOjQIblloWgUn88Hg8GQ9ZRUhGJrAKPRSAAQACQQCBRdM4joklJFLC4uEoPBQGKxmCrj6wiRNqtTp9NB4i4pKuJ0OrFz507VfNui1qCU2mR2dhahUAixWEw1GWiwCCUvbrcbx48fV9wwSoUqKCUnvFtpYGBAVTnoI56SBcdxcDqdGB8fV1sUOoNSsvH5fGhra1PHrZQBnUEpabAsi4mJCYTDYbVFAUBnUMnwer2wWCxVP5bb7UZfX1/BV9V8NFsymYROp5NFDgGpHasydKk6iURCeFnBfyKRiPD7QCBAzGazcGy329PaRSIR4Ti1XS7MZnPWWMjxksTj8RC73S7pfYbDYWIwGMjq6mreNh6PhxCSfc9yQRW0CLxypUZyZf7HGI3GNIXlz6VeI0ahEomE0LfZbBb6zKcImXJVislkIuPj40VlTCQSJBAIZN2zHFAFLUKxMEN+ds08ZzQa087Z7XZRr4rFjkvIhuKW0mchGIYhJpNJVNtIJCL57J0PaiQVQEyYIQAYjca045WVFSQSiaz12VtvvSXpuMV+LxY+WikYDIq+Ruy9VAo1kgqwsrKC1tbWom0ymZ+fh8fjAdl4QiGRSMBoNKKlpQXfffcdPvroI7z//vu4evVqzj4zwxsLXbO0tFTGnaXj8/lgs9lEuZWi0Sjm5+cl+3IUgypoATo6OjA1NYVoNCqcczgc8Hq9wvG+ffuQSCTSrpuZmcFzzz0nHKcq3PLyMgDgiSeewNTUlGAJp+Z4ZYY38te8+OKLeOedd4TzyWQS+/fvr+geWZaF2+3GwsICrl27VrT96dOnMTg4WNGYJSH1mkGGLlUl1QJHnpDDVCMpNTyRkA3jKPXaKwvr5OJckvz21RPk4lySXFlYJ28Onxd+bmn7HalvbCf1je3EO3qRXFlYJ9+s3RUMk9R1KSQwkqxWKzlx4gR59913SUNDA3n77bcr6k9qaLidBExOTsLv9+Pjjz8u2O6nOwR/+Nsytm7dijt37oBlWWzZsgX19fXYt29f3ut24D+4fc2Dp59+Gvv370dvby+8Xi9YlsW5c+fKljsUCsHpdCIWi0Gv1+PGjRs4evQoHnvsMZw9e7bsfqWEGkkS0Nvbi6WlJVgsloJKWr9Vh7ZfzmPPnj1obGzEJVzHa6+9VrT/RxsbsXvH/5cAXq8XMzMzRb8QheA4DmfPnoXL5RKilR555BF88MEHaG9vRygUgtVqLbt/qaAzqIL8dIfgT3+/iR9++AEAsH37dlHXPWmox9CRXZLK4vP58Omnn+a03IPBIDweDy5duiTpmOVAFbQG4TgO7e3tGB8fz2u579ixA1999RX27NmjsHTpUCu+BvH5fLBarQXdSgcPHsTnn3+uoFS5oWtQGYnH45orA/T9999jZmamaBpHXV0d7t27p5BU+aEKKiOfffYZPvnkE+zevVttUQTi8Tja2tqwa9fGmnZxcREGgwHNzc1gWRZWqxXBYBCdnZ0wm80AgHA4DJPJhK6uLszOzsJgMGBxcRHxeBzt7e0AAIZhMDAwgP7+fvj9fgCQZKlH16Ay0tXVhVdeeUX1tIlUOI4DAFXzjEqBzqAyoVapmGJUi2Ly0BlUBvhCvgzDaCJtopqhVrwMqFoqJg9VG/Ev9btTGbqsKpQsFZMauY8CsQLVHPFPFVRiBgYGiMvlUmy8zMDmXMpSzRH/VEElRExOj5TkitwPBAJpilbtEf/UipcQpUvF5AqoXlpaysrIrOaIf2okSYQapWLm5+fR3d2ddm5sbCwtWLrUiH+eyclJTUT8UwWVAD6nx+VyKTpuZuS+xWJBT08POjo6hHOlRvwDwNWrVxEKhXDr1i3VI/41uwb1eDyy511LNYbL5SJWq1UCicSTGrkPZOfqZ7YVG/F/cS5J/vHPMHlz+DzxX7isesS/Jhz1mddkRqg7HA6MjIwAACKRCACgs7MTAGA2m/MG7losFkxNTWWdDwQCwjY6lUamsyyLrq4uBINBtLW15W0XjUZFySwHYiP+AeA3J77Ejz/+iLW1NTzwwAMAoFrEPwD1Z1C73Z5lEUrhFinFJYIKvuk2m02UW4m3mlPlUhKxT4srC+vCrMnPoMU+36zdLWssMag6g/Lrmrm5ORw5cgQdHR1IJpMwGo1pfSSTSfT09GBhYUE453A4cOjQoawNxXLR2tqK6enpvFalxWKBzWYT1Vcqs7Oz6O/vF3J68sHf56lTpwAg7T60xL37wB/P/BcAsL6+jrq6OmzdurXodb82bIPryIPyCCWJmqdQSpf8DOjxeISaP7l8dJmZlfxHzKyXq79ccpTjrxNTKoaQjVmbl9Xj8ShSMmazoJoVb7FYMDIyAp1Oh5MnTwrbeJdTCMHr9ZbkEsnVvlR3CB/zWCxaKdNnyLJswfUcJR1VFHRychKnTp1KU7jp6WkApbtFHnroIQAQ7RJJbc9TqjukFLfS5cuXBSXmC0AoVZVjUyD1lFysy9RABULSSxvyj/xSCyGU6hLJfMyiRCOpFLeS2WwW7lkN46ja0YSbKROxbpE7dwl+/9dlLC8vo6GhAbdv3y7qEjmwl4D791/w1FNP4dixYyW7Q1iWRXNzM5555hnY7faCj/hkMgmHw6GoS2mzoUkFBcQXJ4glfiqp30cbt2D3jrqSxkilv78fTU1NOHjwIEZHR/HFF19gaGgIr7/+elZbh8MheCco5aFZBRXDnbsEr3pvlnTNk831GHq1vCIIudxK4+PjYBgGL7/8Ms6cOVNWv5QCSL1mkKFLzZDPrbS6ukoef/xx4vf7VZBqc0ODRUTi8/kA5HYr6fV6vPfeexgbG1NarE1PVT/ilYLjODQ3NyMYDBbMMzIYDJiZmaFuJAmhM6gIxFYgrq+vx927dxWSqjbQVET90NAQJiYm8OCDMr3XLYOHH34Y169fF7WxldPpxIEDBxSQqnbQ1CP+pZdewvr6Op5//nkpRaqI8+fP48aNGwDyl4kJhUI4fPgwAHXLxGxGNKOgmdV+tUI8HofBYNCUTLWEJhSU4zgcPnwYx48f10RVX4p20ISR5Pf7odfrqXJSslBdQVNrpVcrSpWVUbJ8jVZQXUHdbjesVmvBfB61cTgc0Ol0aR8+dG5ycjLtfX5q22g0img0KhwXUy6LxZI1Tmr44ODgILq7u+FwOOS9YS0h9aupUrqMxWKKVuKohNScKLvdnjM0MFdbQqQvKwOJN5HVMqoqqMlkIgzDSC2C5GSmjfAKolZZGSk3kdU6qjnqQ6EQOI7TXIHXXGSWiiE/eyn4BL9CbXmkLCtTS69SVVmD8ikTDMNUhX8xMyeKXxcqtZGsFDlU1YoqCqrFAq+FSM2J4o2jpqamsjeS5UvEKJVDVdVIvWYo1qWSBV6lIFeJmdT1XzkbyXpHL5a0kWylOVTVjOJvkpxOJ3bu3Inh4WEph1UNsflT9+4DPSe/xLfffovt27dj27ZtuHXrluw5VNWOogoqthIH3w+wUYvJZrPh9OnTJVf+UAq58qeAynOoqh1FFVTsvkGpfeh0urRiX9VKalmZUqgkh2ozoJibSWyBV6/Xi0AgAGDDIDGbzVWvnABQ9wvgX3/+ldpiVB2KWPEcx8HpdIp6386yLJqamgBs5P90d3fD6/UK1jOltlBEQX0+H0wmkyi3ksFgQGdnJ3Q6HRYWFoRENJpbXpvIvgblC7yGw+Gs4v4USjFkn0HdbjdYlsWxY8fw4Ycfyj0cZZMhq4KGQiHMzs7i5s2b6Ovrg8vlwgsvvID5+Xk5h6VsJqT2/Kd2masSx9GjR8m2bdvIhQsXpB6asgmRzc3k8/mg1+uzopXGxsbQ2tqKN954A88++yz27t0rlwiUTYAsRtLq6mrRShxDQ0P4+uuvMTo6KuXwlE2GLArqcrmwtrYGhmHytrt+/TpMJlPOkDUKhUcWI2liYqKoU/7AgQNoaGjQ7I4XFHmJx+OiAoZkUdC+vj5Rgch1dXW4f/++HCJQNE5bWxusVit27doFp9OZt53kj3i9Xo+1tTUpu6TUAHq9HrFYLOtljuQKSqGIJR6Po7+/X4hwy/XU1VR1O0rtwLIs4vE4wuFwweVg2TNoZkbjZojZpGiPsmZQfufeRCIhpMDqdDo0NTXRqCOKpJRlxdtsNkQikbT8bLvdTt+x1zCVlPwpRMkzKF9YINdMWTOpsJQszp07h+np6bRdpT0eT8UJfiXPoCsrK2htbc06PzIyQtegNUyuiigsy6bl+JdFOREmyMjLBiBsp02pTSrZMr0QZa1BI5EIjEajsMaIRCIYHBys7JtCqWoKlfyphLIUtKOjQxCEEEItd0rBkj8VUfnkTql1ipX8qQT6qpOiaVQvAU6hFEIVBXU4HIJbgpINX6tezN9IrU0VShnX6/WmlZgsBfqIp2ga+oinaJr/AUdiYL9O8ugKAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
is the melting point of the solid
- BC represents the change of state from solid to liquid
represents the latent heat of fusion of the substance
represents the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid
The correct answer is:
represents the latent heat of fusion of the substance
Since in the region AB temperature is constant therefore at this temperature phase of the material changes from solid to liquid and (H2 – H1) heat will be absorb by the material. This heat is known as the heat of melting of the solid.
Similarly in the region CD temperature is constant therefore at this temperature phase of the material changes from liquid to gas and (H4 – H3) heat will be absorb by the material. This heat as known as the heat of vaporisation of the liquid.
Related Questions to study
Physics-
The graph AB shown in figure is a plot of temperature of a body in degree celsius and degree Fahrenheit. Then
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The graph AB shown in figure is a plot of temperature of a body in degree celsius and degree Fahrenheit. Then
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
In a vertical U-tube containing a liquid, the two arms are maintained at different temperatures
and
. The liquid columns in the two arms have heights
and
respectively. The coefficient of volume expansion of the liquid is equal to
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
In a vertical U-tube containing a liquid, the two arms are maintained at different temperatures
and
. The liquid columns in the two arms have heights
and
respectively. The coefficient of volume expansion of the liquid is equal to
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
A cylindrical metal rod of length L0 is shaped into a ring with a small gap as shown. On heating the system
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)
A cylindrical metal rod of length L0 is shaped into a ring with a small gap as shown. On heating the system
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
A tank is filled upto a height h with a liquid and is placed on a platform of height h from the ground. To get maximum range
a small hole is punched at a distance of y from the free surface of the liquid. Then
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A tank is filled upto a height h with a liquid and is placed on a platform of height h from the ground. To get maximum range
a small hole is punched at a distance of y from the free surface of the liquid. Then
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAKsAAAB7CAYAAAAL1nA2AAAOcUlEQVR4nO2db2xT9RrHvxWjE904bAQWIO6024tdA6ETVvxHVrmSosRsizPTKJf1hcwpYfUubi/808432hFoUYPhhVm3RMn8k065Ghhk7TKdZlFWvGAgsWtJuDiug5bNewPq5Xdf1HNYxwZtT0/P+W3PJzmh9JzzO8/O+Z6nz+/f8zMwxhgIggNu0doAgkgVEivBDSRWghtIrAQ3kFgJbiCxEtxAYiW4gcRKcAOJleAGEivBDSRWghtIrAQ3kFgJbtCFWA0GA1588UXE43GtTeGOoaEh2O127N27V2tTVEczsRoMBjz55JP48ssvMTw8jN9++w333HMPTpw4oZVJ3LF7925s3LgRK1asQHV1Nd5//33U1tZi165dWpumDkwjxsfHmdvtZgUFBWz79u0sGAyynTt3MovFopVJXNHd3c2MRiPr7u5mfX197NFHH2WlpaXs3Xff1do01dBMrBJnzpxhJpOJtbS0sGAwyFatWsUCgYDWZumeJUuWsHfeeYcFg0G2YcMGtnPnTq1NUh3NY9a7774bb7/9NgYGBgAAa9aswdGjRzW2St+EQiHk5+dj9erVOHjwIM6ePUsxa67YsmULTp06hQsXLmDZsmU4ffq01ibpmlgshqKiIgDAsWPH8MYbb2hsUW7QhVgBYNmyZTh//jzuuusurU3hisnJSaxYsUJrM3KCbsRaWFiotQmEztGNWAniZpBYCW4gsRLcQGIluIHESnADiZXgBt2JdWBgAJ988gkMBgNts2wtLS0z3juXy3XdsS+88EKOn6B6pCzWmW7ETNsXX3yhyKCqqirU1dWBJcYt0DbDtnv37lmfEWMMsVgMoiiCMYZ9+/Ypeh564tZUD3S5XHC5XPL/4/E4KioqEIlEVDEsGAzK4wWam5vR1dWFeDwOURSxfv169PT0AADq6+tx/PhxnDp1Cnl5eWhsbJT7yauqqgBALqetrQ179+7F5cuXUV5ejjVr1sjlbNu2DQMDA4hGoxAEAfX19di/fz8AwGaz4dKlS/j222/lctxuNwDAbDajpKQEn332mVzO4cOHMTY2huLiYlRXV8vlVFdX48yZMwiFQgAAp9OJ9vZ2AMB9992HRYsW4fDhwwCAxsZG9PT0yH9zVVUVurq60NbWdtN75/V6EY1Gr3tm3JPpCBin08kAMKfTmWkRSVRWVrJ9+/ax119/ndXV1WWlzLlKf38/W7duHQsGg2zdunWsv79f3heLxZgoigwAE0VRQyuzT0YxazweR1dXFwDI/xL6wOfzwePxAAD8fj+8Xq/GFmWPlMOAqUg3pLa2Vr4hDocjKwYZDAasWrUK7e3t9PM/5edfKuf06dP4+eefZ71/ZrMZVqtV/iwIgrIHoicyccfS4Gjp9EgkotjFUxiQOjcKAyQyfLS6JiPPKr25EqIoZuG1SYYqWJlXsGajo6NDtr21tRUdHR0AgNbW1ozLzClKlK7w9CTIs6ZOpp41HA6zpqYmduDAAcYYYzabjYXDYdXtzRa66xQg1MNkMqGvrw8WiwUA8NNPP8FkMmlsVepkFAaoCVWwlFWwbsTo6CjC4TBMJhNGR0dRVlaWUTmaocQtKzw9CQoDUifTMGBwcJABkDe3250Lc7OGIs/KVFxCiypY2a9gPfTQQ/IzMxgMqKury7gsTdD6bZEgz5o6mXpWm80me9XBwcFcmJpVKGblxKNK5SiJWQ8dOpTRebohXXWXlpYyAFlv8iDPmjrztVMg7aYrn88Hm83GVZMHMTdIOwwYGhrKiVCpgpX9Chb3pOuKm5qakpo/shUOUBiQOvM1DEjbs/b19SEcDgMASktLs+5lqYKlrIIVDAaTxm709vaipqYm8weiJ9JRdjgcZqWlpYyxRAOzzWbL2ltDnjV1buRZOzs7WWdnJwPAPB4P6+zs1NDS7JKWZz137pzcRTc0NISNGzeq8f4AoJg105i1oaEBRqMRQGJgfCAQyPwh6I10lN3U1CR30UkNzNnqsiPPmjo3i1mneta5RFqedepMSbUamClmVd4p0NDQgK6uLjQ0NCh6FnrDwJiKHfxpYLFYYLfbMTY2hh9//BEff/yx1ibpGsYYDAYDGGPYsGEDHnnkEVy5cgVvvfVW0nFNTU1zZjo2jWflkEAgAIvFgoGBAVgsFmzevBlAwvPHYjE4HA4EAoH5mzdgJqQ3Ww2ogpV6BevBBx/Eww8/DCAx87ikpAR2ux3Nzc1Zm8ipC5QEvApPT4IqWKmTSqcAY4kcAowxZjabmcPhyMrETi2hUVeceFSpnHRGXUnTsEdGRuD1euHz+fjO0KJE6QpPT4I8a+qk6llnw2q1MofDoZJ16qE7zypBMat6A1n8fj9eeuklOUkJNyhRusLTkyDPmjp79uxR5Fmn43Q6uYhnM/Ks8XhctbQ0ixcvppj1JjFrPB7H6tWrs3bPBUGA0WiE3+/X96CXTBTudDpZLBZjAFgsFstKt57FYpHXIr399tvZkSNHFJc5F/n888/ZwoUL5Xt17733KvasjDE2MjKie++aUQ+WlJs1Go3CarXC4/HAbDYremkaGxtx2223oa6uDkeOHMGePXvQ0tKCBx54APn5+fjjjz9w9epVRdfgkVAohJKSEvT29uKXX37B119/DafTicrKSsRiMTz77LP49ddfs3a9eDyO2trarDzTbJNRGCAIAqxWK3w+H0RRzMoftX79erzyyit44oknsGnTJixduhTHjh1De3s7fv/9dxgMBly+fBkLFy5UfC3eKCgoQH5+Pu6//360trZiwYIFuHTpEjo6OrL+sy0IArZt24aKigrEYjFdZSHMeGxAPB6H0WhEIBDI2hu4fft2fP/996isrMQdd9wBo9GIq1evqpqfgCcmJycxMTGBH374AV999RWam5vx5ptvqnKtaDSqSsI9JaQsVpfLJVcKZqKvrw+bNm266XF6o7i4GIsWLUJ+fj7uvPNOjI2NIT8/H5OTk9d9p/X+5cuXIxQKYevWrdixYweKi4tVvz92ux1VVVW6GMG1wJVil4bVapVz1LtcLjgcDvT09CAWi8HlcqG0tFQ+ThAEnD9/Ht988w1EUbzu83PPPYeJiQld7F+yZAlOnjyJTz/9FABw8uRJbNmyBaOjo0nf6WH/lStX8NFHH6G7uxsrV65U+OhTw2w2o7a2FuXl5SgvL8/JNWcl05rZbGsKeDweZjabWSQSmfHza6+9RvsV7FfwyDImEonI4wy0RHFrgCiKSSu2hEIhCIIAURRn/Cy10dL+9PcfPXoUL7/8smYxvM/ng9ls1q6VIBOFezwe5vf7GQA2MjIy56ZP6BEtPatEIBBggiBo5mV1s6YAMTtTwwEtxcpYIvzz+/2aXFvRtBY1B18T15DCgWAwCLvdPm/vOU1r4QCz2Yze3l557IMeqKiokMc65AoSKwd4vV50dXXhmWee0doUGafTCbvdntNr6nY8K3ENq9WKixcv4oMPPtDaFJmamhpEo1FVR+BNh2JWDpA8q9/vh9FonLf3XLdrChDXsFqtqKmpQTAY1NqU65A6QHMxt0s3SS6IGyN511AopCsnIQ1oikQiqocDVMHigKlhgN4QBAEejwfxeFz1a6XtWcvKyhAOh+XFvwj1oXbWBLSmAAfosZ11OlJeAjVJW6y5WlOAuIYe21mnI4qiPLFRLdIWazQaxXvvvQeDwQCDwYDR0VE17CKmYLVa8fjjj+uqnXU6NTU1qlewMopZ+/r6ACTWFJiv8VMuoXbWBGl5VsmLmkwmnDt3DjabTRWjiGSsViv8fr8u21mnEo1G4fV6VSs/LbHmck0B4ho8VLCARNza3t6OaDSqSvlpifXDDz+UBdrf34+2tjZ0dHSoYhhxDT23s06npqYGvb29qpRNPVgcwFM7q5oDW6gHiwN4CQMAqNoioEisBoMhW3YQN4CHdlaJeDyOxYsXq1I2jWflAD2OZ50NQRAgCIIqGV0oDOCAYDCIgwcPclHBAhKzCNQY2EKDrzmApwqWmpBn5QCeKlhA4uVSo/mKxMoBPLWzAomeLDUGtWQk1unxiFo9FkQCXrpbJaQ0SNkmI7EGg0F5zrhaLp+4Bm9hgPRyZZ1M0rjEYjE575IoirrIMDeXkdIH7dq1S/P0QVqSkWcVBAHNzc0AEquU6CmV91yEh/GsU1GtYyBTlUvelbyq+kxNzCb9os3lbevWrTPeh5QzX08nLy8PTz31FHnVHJCXl4eGhgaIoojnn39+xsziesomPtP+dI7dv3//zLrKsZMgFKLHbNw325/usbNBQwQ5Q2/ZuFPZn+6xs0FiJbiBerAIbiCxcsjUOnE8HofX69W8d8vn8yUluVAlUVuO6gVEFsGfCzw7nU4miqJmOf6n43A4mNlsZp2dnap0XpBYOQQAEwQhrbbLSCTC3G43A8DcbjcbHBxkANiBAwdSuqa07lk6W7bb4EmsHCJ5LY/HwwRBYCMjI2mdb7PZmM1my7pdHo+HWa1W5vF4VPGs1BrAIdMHvae7mNrmzZtx6NAhAInEJcPDw1i5ciUmJiZQUFCAiYkJPPbYY2nZFAqFEAwG0dDQAEEQ1BmYn3X5E6rz3XffZXyu2+1mNpst6ee/vr6ejY+Ps6amJjY+Ps7q6+vTLnf6T74SG2eDWgM4ZO3atWmfMzo6ihV/zkZ+9dVX8fTTT6OsrAxXz55FYWEhioqKcPHiRRQVFaGwsDDt8qd3j2Zi480gsc4TTCYT/rlkCf5eVYWH1q1D/K9/xfB//4tfysvx+PLl+GF4GK8fP45/L12KlefP48KFC1qbfB0Us84jrnR34z8tLViwZg1u/XP7z44dwIIFWLB27bXvWlpQ8I9/4Nb167U2OQnKGzCPuP1vf8MtxcX437/+hbwpC67978QJ3PKXvyR/d/q07sRKnpXgBopZCW4gsRLcQGIluIHESnADiZXgBhIrwQ0kVoIb/g8W0PNdCs9hWQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
Physics-General
Physics-
Water coming out of the mouth of a tap and falling vertically in streamline flow forms a tapering column, i.e., the area of cross-section of the liquid column decreases as it moves down. Which of the following is the most accurate explanation for this
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Water coming out of the mouth of a tap and falling vertically in streamline flow forms a tapering column, i.e., the area of cross-section of the liquid column decreases as it moves down. Which of the following is the most accurate explanation for this
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAFEAAABwCAYAAABmf5ylAAAKHklEQVR4nO2dXUgU3QPGn82/faqNqxaVm6NUEJY7W8iGfbiUJVnkWkaFhGtFigjLIl4UXWTRhd3YFgUREVJiUaQbpdlFrgV9SLm7pkYI7ZTRF9LMalgX0nkvahc/9rVZd2Z03v/8YNA9e2bPc54532dmV0MIIVAJi2mTLeC/gGqiCKgmioBqogioJoqAaqIIqCaKgGqiCKgmioBqogioJorA/+RIhOd52O12sCyL3NxcmM3mQHheXh4AoL6+HhRFged5OJ1OsCwLnudx/PhxOSSGhSwl0WazgWVZ6PV62O12aDQa5OXlwWAwgGEYmEwmGAwGGAwGJCcno6amBj6fDx6PB5WVlXJIDA8iAzRNE6/XG3jNcRypr68nLpcrENbS0kJcLhfhOC4QVl9fT8xmsxwSw0KW6hwMhmFA03TgtclkGhOH53lQFCWnrAkhi4lmsxl2ux25ublwOBxoaGgAz/OgaRpWqxU0TcPhcMDtdoOiqIBxTqcT1dXVckgMCw0h0i/K8jwPm80GnueRmZkJs9kMmqah0Wig1Woxbdo0fP/+HU1NTeB5HjzPA/hdWhmGkVpe2Mhi4r8mrtHAn/zw/5WGOk4UAdVEEVBNFAHVRBFQTRSBSTHRarVCo9GMCddoNNBoNLBarZOgKgzkniK1tbURrVZLOI4jAEYchPyeEmq1WtLW1ia3tAkju4lbt24l586dGzfOuXPnSE5Ojuhpj75oYpUhWU2sra0lRqNRUFyj0Uhqa2tFTX+0aYo0cenSpeT+/fuC4t6/f58sXbpU1PSlMlG2jqWyshJGoxHZ2dmC4mdnZ8NoNOLEiRMSKwsfSefOwXrgiSKGzNHzc7Hm65IvhYmV+amMOtgWAdVEEVBNFAHJ28Sp3p6JgaQlkfweh4IQApfLBYZhRoQFOxwOB+bNmzcmPFT88/Dhh1TIVp39G1V/Y8eOHdi0aRPKysrCTjPcCxFKQpJTXV1NGIYZsac8HkNDQyQjI4OUlJSQjx8/TijNYFkbHSZW9iUtif5dvpqamsBtIkKIiIjAgwcPEBMTgyVLlqCqqgo9PT1SSg0LUWcs/u1OlmXBsizOnz+PgoICWCyWCW/Cd3Z2oqqqCq2trYiMjERmZiZSU1NRXl4+7nnBZiNSzVgmbKLb7YbT6cS7d+/gdrtH7BfTNA2appGeno7S0tKwRfrp7u7Go0ePcPPmTTx8+PCv8ae0ib29vSgtLcWsWbOQkZEBhmFAURRomp4yt33IWRJDblntdjuZMWMGOXbsmCiNslQEy9rosAlkP3haoUR2OBwkPj6e3LlzR5TEpWRKmvjq1SsSExNDGhsbRUlYauQ0UXCbeODAASxfvhwVFRXhtyEyMOXaxC9fvhCNRkP6+vpEuXLh4vP5CMMwQTeeMM4m1Ogwgdn/K4IG25cvX8bBgwcRFxcX9P3u7m4cOnQI8+fPR1JSEmw2W/hXdxz279+PLVu2jDsHlxNBJra3tyMrKyvoe16vF2azGRzH4enTpzhy5AiuXbuGuro6UYX6sdlsmD59OqqqqiT5/AkhpLiuXr2aPH/+POh7mzdvJqdPnx4R1traSiIiIkhdXV0YlWQsNpuNrFq1igwODv41brCsjQ4TmP2/pyUkklarJV+/fh0T/uTJE5KSkhL0nObmZpKWlkYKCgomvIjgp6Wlhej1elJUVER8Pp+gc6aciVFRUaS/v39M+OHDh8eUwtEcPXqUUBRFKisrSVdXV0jimpqaiMViIfHx8eTq1ashnSuniYKGODqdDomJifj58ydYlgVFUWAYBj09PTh79iw2btw47vnPnz9HXV0dbt26BZ1Oh/z8fCQnJyMxMRGJiYmIi4tDb29v4Oju7sb169exYMEC7NmzBwUFBUhISAipmfq3RVgiwRBHkIlarRaZmZkoLCyEyWTCqVOn0N7ejpcvX6KrqwuLFi0SnGBzczPu3r2LDx8+BI6+vj4sXrwYOp0OOp0OSUlJ2L17N/R6fViZG82kLkCUlZXB4/Ggu7sb3759Q2RkJObPn4+EhAS0t7eHLUIuJnWwbTKZCMdxgb8ul2vE01BKYXR2BWb/758rJJLfMP9fiqLIunXrSEtLiygi5GJSTWQYhrhcLkJRFOE4jni9XsJxnOA9k6mCVCYKahP9K9b+R8kMBgOioqJw9erVEc/nTXWkahMFTfuKiorAsizy8vLA8zysVivKy8unzCr2ZCPIRKvVCoqiAjekezwePHjwQFJhSkKQif7dO4/HA2Bk9VYJ4V6c4cb572RQUnsoJYI6FrfbDeC3gQzDIDk5GYSQwBRQKUzqnbINDQ0AAIfDgStXrsDr9QKAogyUEkFt4s6dO/Hr1y8MDQ3BbDZjyZIliI2NlVqbJEhxl5ig6rxy5Ups2LAB+fn5mDt3Lm7fvg273Y6BgQHRhCgZQdXZ5/MhNjYWOp0uEBYVFSWZKMUhZFpTV1dH1qxZQ+bMmUOio6PJihUrSEVFhShTpv8CgkrimjVr8PnzZxQXF4NhGDQ1NUl9bRWF4PsT/T0xRVFobGxEY2OjZKKUhqCOhWVZ2Gw26PV6MAyDuLg46HQ6dbD9B8GrOP6DYRjExMSApml0dHTIoXHKI3jaZzAYYDKZUFhYqJo3CsE3NA1fbFi+fDk2btyI2tpayYQpCcEmxsbGwmKxIDMzEx8/fsTChQsD34P4/47g3rm6uhq5ublgGAZPnjzB69evpdSlKAS3iR6PB5GRkeB5HgMDA/D5fFLqUhQhPcfy6dMnAMC2bduwd+9eSQQpEcFtYkNDA+Li4hAdHY3s7GxkZWWpHcsfBFfnmpoaUBQFvV6PtrY2JCUlSalLUYQ8xKEoCrNnz4bFYsGFCxckFacUBJfE7du3g2VZcBwHiqIwZ84cKXUpCsEdS3p6Ovr7+zE4OAiO49QhzjAEl8S5c+fCYrFg1apVaG1txa5du6TUpSgEl0STyYSUlBS1Kgch5OedKYpCc3Mz3r9/L4UeRRLS5v2zZ88CvyOQkZEhpS5lIXQfwev1ksePHxOO48j06dPJ+fPnxd6qUCyCS6Lb7cbJkyeRlpaGN2/eqBv3wwjpoXH/6nZqaipu3LiB7du3S6lNMQg20el0ory8HBs2bMCMGTNQUlKi7rH8QXDvzDAMiouLkZubi2fPnqG3t1dKXYoipK+5unfvHgYHB/Hjxw+p9CiSkMaJ0dHR4HkeRqMRK1eulEqT4ghp897/U0iXLl3Cq1evpNSlKELqnaOjo5GVlYUzZ86o64nDCMnEjo4OpKWlISIiAi6XC2lpaVJqUwwhdSxr164FwzC4ePEiFi9eLJUmxRFSSWRZFp2dnSgqKsKLFy/UKv2HkExcv349li1bhrdv36KlpUVKXYoipCHOvn37sGjRIsycOVN9hmUYIVdnp9OJefPmIScnR0pdimJSfy3tv4L6FdEioJooAqqJIqCaKAKqiSKgmigCqoki8A/JAeteumyhDwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==)
Physics-General
Physics-
A cubical block of wood 10 cm on a side floats at the interface between oil and water with its lower surface horizontal and 4 cm below the interface. The density of oil is
. The mass of block is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A cubical block of wood 10 cm on a side floats at the interface between oil and water with its lower surface horizontal and 4 cm below the interface. The density of oil is
. The mass of block is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
Water flows through a frictionless duct with a cross-section varying as shown in fig. Pressure p at points along the axis is represented by
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAMAAAABACAYAAABMbHjfAAADpElEQVR4nO3bvUvrUBgG8Ke3EsFBtIsdFEQcBDskg+AHCiIuRQdXF0HHE3RxEtQuLi6KcJwsFEVxKKh/gBqROrgkizh2EATHbh2U3O3CrVpjbT1pzvODDPJqfQl5yHtO0pjv+z6INPVHdQNEKjEApDUGgLTGAJDWGADSGgNAWmMASGsMAGmNASCtBQrA3d0dYrGYFsfS0hLK5XKjzzuFRKAAjI6Owvd9LY62tjaYponLy8tGn3sKgRjfBXrv9PQUtm1jeXkZGxsbqtuhBmIAPvH09ATbtlEulyGlRH9/v+qWqAECjUCO4/w3J1eqnKOjUO/p6cHFxQWmpqYwODiIXC738cmhpsY7QACFQgFCCAwNDUFKCcMwVLdEdcJt0ADGxsbgeR5aW1thmiaur69Vt0R1Es9kMhnVTTSLdDqNzs5OLCws4PX1FRMTE6pboh+qaQSqnKMrP0KHent7O1KpFI6OjtDX1wdqTjWNQJV75zrWS6USZmdnYZomDg8P3/0ONQcugn/o9vYWQgiMjIxASomWlhbVLdE3cBH8Q+Pj4/A8D/F4HJZl4ebmRnVL9A2B7gCO42BycvLfz2GcycNSNwwDm5ubWFtbA4UfR6A6KxaLsG0bACClRG9vr+KOqBoGoEG2trawvb0NKSVM01TdTlNIpVK//j8ZgAZyHAcrKyt4e3tT3UroPTw8fLjj1mg1bVmEaeZmPRr1j97R+g28A1AoxGIxJXcAboOS1hgA0lqgAJyfn4fufX3Wo1VXhWsACgWuAYgUYABIa3wOwHro6r+JawAKBa4BiBRgAEhrgQKQy+WU7xOzHu26KlwDUCioWgPwC6x19PLyAiEE7u/vVbdCATEAdXJ2dgYhBBYXF7Gzs6O6HQqIzwHqUF9dXUU+n8fBwQHS6TSoedQUgK9mNV3qnudBCIHn52e4rouOjo6qf0fhw23QGu3v78OyLMzPz+P4+JgXf5PiGuCbSqUShBAoFotwXZdfeG9yge4Au7u7yveJw1JPJpNIJpMoFAq8+COAzwECWl9fRzabhZQSc3NzqtuhOuEI9IXHx0cIIZBIJOC6Lrq6ulS3RHXERXAV2WwWlmVhZmYG+XyeF38E8TnAJ3XDMNDd3Q3HcTA8PAyKJj4HqHB1dYWBgQFMT09jb2+v6udQBPgBZDIZH4AWRyKR8E9OToKcFooA7gKR1rgIJq0xAKQ1BoC0xgCQ1hgA0hoDQFpjAEhrDABpjQEgrTEApLW/vQViZITiEzgAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
Water flows through a frictionless duct with a cross-section varying as shown in fig. Pressure p at points along the axis is represented by
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAMAAAABACAYAAABMbHjfAAADpElEQVR4nO3bvUvrUBgG8Ke3EsFBtIsdFEQcBDskg+AHCiIuRQdXF0HHE3RxEtQuLi6KcJwsFEVxKKh/gBqROrgkizh2EATHbh2U3O3CrVpjbT1pzvODDPJqfQl5yHtO0pjv+z6INPVHdQNEKjEApDUGgLTGAJDWGADSGgNAWmMASGsMAGmNASCtBQrA3d0dYrGYFsfS0hLK5XKjzzuFRKAAjI6Owvd9LY62tjaYponLy8tGn3sKgRjfBXrv9PQUtm1jeXkZGxsbqtuhBmIAPvH09ATbtlEulyGlRH9/v+qWqAECjUCO4/w3J1eqnKOjUO/p6cHFxQWmpqYwODiIXC738cmhpsY7QACFQgFCCAwNDUFKCcMwVLdEdcJt0ADGxsbgeR5aW1thmiaur69Vt0R1Es9kMhnVTTSLdDqNzs5OLCws4PX1FRMTE6pboh+qaQSqnKMrP0KHent7O1KpFI6OjtDX1wdqTjWNQJV75zrWS6USZmdnYZomDg8P3/0ONQcugn/o9vYWQgiMjIxASomWlhbVLdE3cBH8Q+Pj4/A8D/F4HJZl4ebmRnVL9A2B7gCO42BycvLfz2GcycNSNwwDm5ubWFtbA4UfR6A6KxaLsG0bACClRG9vr+KOqBoGoEG2trawvb0NKSVM01TdTlNIpVK//j8ZgAZyHAcrKyt4e3tT3UroPTw8fLjj1mg1bVmEaeZmPRr1j97R+g28A1AoxGIxJXcAboOS1hgA0lqgAJyfn4fufX3Wo1VXhWsACgWuAYgUYABIa3wOwHro6r+JawAKBa4BiBRgAEhrgQKQy+WU7xOzHu26KlwDUCioWgPwC6x19PLyAiEE7u/vVbdCATEAdXJ2dgYhBBYXF7Gzs6O6HQqIzwHqUF9dXUU+n8fBwQHS6TSoedQUgK9mNV3qnudBCIHn52e4rouOjo6qf0fhw23QGu3v78OyLMzPz+P4+JgXf5PiGuCbSqUShBAoFotwXZdfeG9yge4Au7u7yveJw1JPJpNIJpMoFAq8+COAzwECWl9fRzabhZQSc3NzqtuhOuEI9IXHx0cIIZBIJOC6Lrq6ulS3RHXERXAV2WwWlmVhZmYG+XyeF38E8TnAJ3XDMNDd3Q3HcTA8PAyKJj4HqHB1dYWBgQFMT09jb2+v6udQBPgBZDIZH4AWRyKR8E9OToKcFooA7gKR1rgIJq0xAKQ1BoC0xgCQ1hgA0hoDQFpjAEhrDABpjQEgrTEApLW/vQViZITiEzgAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
Physics-General
Physics-
The diagram shows a cup of tea seen from above. The tea has been stirred and is now rotating without turbulence. A graph showing the speed v with which the liquid is crossing points at a distance X from O along a radius XO would look like![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The diagram shows a cup of tea seen from above. The tea has been stirred and is now rotating without turbulence. A graph showing the speed v with which the liquid is crossing points at a distance X from O along a radius XO would look like![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
A small spherical solid ball is dropped from a great height in a viscous liquid. Its journey in the liquid is best described in the diagram given below by the
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A small spherical solid ball is dropped from a great height in a viscous liquid. Its journey in the liquid is best described in the diagram given below by the
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAJQAAABqCAYAAABapHi9AAAMF0lEQVR4nO3dbUxb1R8H8O/9O1ZnrJS02SK6rk+LW3QwXZ1mYy5FodUXzoix6HyBidFQEx9inC/khUuIicQ3vpFh9NVA6kPiXrilkMjQshnJbSiLT7i1ZZVV1BZwbGoZyfEFufdPu1LuLefSQn+fhFDayz1n45t7zj3n3nMFxhgDIZz8r9gVIOsLBYpwpWmgZmZmtNw9KUGaBsrlcmF8fFzLIkiJ0SxQJ06cQDgcxtGjR7UqgpQgzQL13nvvAQAGBwfpKFVGNAnU4OAgXn75ZVgsFnzxxRc4ceKEFsWQEiRoMQ41Pj4Oi8UCq9WK06dPw2AwwGAw8C6GlCBNjlAWiyXjZwpT+aBxKMIVBYpwRYEiXFGgCFcUqDI0NDQEj8ejyb4pUGWovb0dFy5c0GTfFKgy4/P58P7772u2fwpUGRkaGsIDDzwAm80Gh8OBoaEh7mVs4L5HUrIOHDgAAHjqqacAAC0tLdzLKJtAXb16FaIo4scffyx2VVaV0+nEvffeC5/Ph8WzbH6/H9988w2am5v5Fsg0ZLFYWCwW07IIRUKhEOvq6mLffvstm5ubK3Z1Vp3dbmcAmNvtZowx1tvbywAwAKy3t5drWZpMDkukyeHsub3Vcv78eYiiCJPJBKfTiaqqqqLUo5ysyyZvcnISoihibm4O+/fvh9lsLnaVysa6CtSVK1cgiiIuXrwIp9OJO++8s9hVKjvrJlChUAiiKGL37t04fPgwNmxYN/80bhwOByKRSMZ7vHs8a34c6vz58/j4448xNTUFr9eL++67j8K0hP7+ftjtdjDGwBiD3W6H3+/nWsaa/Z//7bffEAqFMDc3h7q6OuonKTA8PIzGxkYAkAc1eQ8brLlASf2keDyOPXv2UD9JhXg8js7OTnR2dsLtdmsyn6eqyRMEAV1dXdwroVQoFEJPTw82bdqEp59+msKk0sDAAILBIBhjaGtrgyAIiEajXMtQdYRyu924//770dHRAbPZzH+UdQm//PILRFHE5s2b4fV6c16jfuXKFczMzODy5cuYmZnB33//jWvXriGdTiOdTmNubg7pdBrXrl1blTqXCofDgYaGBgBAX18fAoEAAODs2bMAAJvNxrW8ggY2o9EofD4fUqkUjh49ikceeSTndisd2EwkEgiFQpifn4fT6cTWrVsBAMlkEpOTk/j999+RSqXw119/QafTobKyEpWVlTAYDLjpppuwceNG6HQ66HQ6bNy4Uf4qN9FoFHa7/br3I5EI90CpOkIJggCv1wtRFNHe3o6GhgZMTEygubmZ69nC7OwsRFHExMQE9uzZA5PJhIsXL2J0dBSTk5PQ6/XYsmULqqurUVtbi8rKSlRUVHArf72x2WzchweWorpT7nK55PCMjo6itrYW/f393CokiiJEUYTD4YDFYsHIyAhuuOEGbNu2DXfddRceeugh3HjjjdzKI3ypavIEQZCTnkqlsH37dkxNTS25vZomb2xsDMPDw6ioqMA///yDqqoqmM1mbNu2DUajUWkVSZEpOkIJgpDzda52Wa1EIoGvv/4aV69eRUVFBWw2G7Zv304TuWuUokBJR6XFR6iVmpqawldffYVUKgWj0YgHH3wQVquVy75J8SgKVDQahc1mQzAYzLhstL29XT4NVSqdTuPUqVOYnJyE0WjE448/js2bN6urNSlZigLV2NiICxcuyJeQFqq/vx/RaBSVlZU4dOgQqqurV7Q/UnoUBUoaone73ejp6ZE7yUrv7fruu+8wOjqKiooKHDx4EDt37iywuqTUqRo26OnpwcTEBIxGI/x+/7LNndlsxuDgINLpNHbt2oV9+/atqLKk9Kmay/N4PHjjjTcAADt37lx26qW5uRnz8/N4/vnnKUxlYkXjUCaTKe9Z38MPP4wnn3wS8/PzuPvuu+F0OldeY1LSVAXqzTffRCgUQn19PT777DMYjca8zZ7VasXIyAi+//57/PDDD9Dr9XC5XLj11lu5VJ6UHtWTw11dXYjH4zCbzXjiiSfyjmJXVVUhFovJVwcEAgHEYjFs2bIFDQ0N0Ov1K6s9KTmqAjU6OoqmpiZEIhE4nU58+OGHqK2tXXL77EABCxO/J0+exPT0NLZu3YqDBw9SsNYRVZ3ypqYmvP7662CM4bnnnkNTU5PqAvV6PZqbm/Hoo4/ijz/+QHd3N7788ktcunRJ9b5I6dG0U57rCJXt3LlzOHPmDDZt2oQNGzbAarWipqaGjlprlKpA+Xw+TE1N4Z577sHAwABsNlvepWGUBApYmI45e/asfK3Tr7/+CqvVCqPRiB07dlC41pAVdcpfeOGFvNsqDZQkmUwiEAjAZDLBbDZjenoaY2NjMBqNMJlMsFgsuO2229RUl+Tg9/vlFVgkvCb9C17bIJVK4fDhw3mHDdQGSiI1gzU1Ndi/fz8uXbqERCIhf1VXV8NkMsnf6QimXEdHBz744AN5Oi0ajeLdd9/ltgjZsoFafP1TLivtQy1FagaTySR27dqFHTt2yJ/FYjHMzs4ikUggmUxidnYWer0eJpMJOp0ON998M0wmk3z9+C233CJfX17OotGoPNGvFUVzeclkMud4k1YLfwKATqeDy+WSm8GxsTHU19dDr9fL103V1NTI28/OzsrhSqfTGBsbQzqdlj+T7nopN9L6UEDmjZ5aWTZQ2Ucgv9+PeDyOI0eO4KWXXtKsYhKTyYRnnnkG586dQ3d3t9wMZtPr9dT0LSMej2u/tJKaxaTcbjfzer1M+jW73Z53e4PBwKanp9UUkde///7LBgYG2PHjx9lPP/3Ebb/lIhgMsuw/ud1uZ8FgkFsZBY1DZX9fykr6UPlIzaBOp4PH46EjkwodHR3yFSMA/3vzVAXK4/HAYDDgk08+gdfrxczMjCZneUplnw2S4lMVqFQqhc8//7zgyWEtSGeDsVgM+/btyzgbJKtPUaAEQVjyTC+f1QiUhJrB0qB4cvjFF19EV1cXUqmUlvUpmHQ2eMcdd6C7uxtnzpwpdpVKjsPhgCAIGV+8V19RdJYnLUecTCbZsWPH2LFjx1gkEln293if5SklnQ1+9NFHdDa4SCQSyTgzl876lPwtlSponfJwOMzsdjvzer15tytWoCR//vknO378OPv000/Z5cuXi1aPUtHb28taW1sz3mttbeW6VrmiJk8aEff7/fB4PHC5XPB6vXj77bf5Hi45o2YwU66BzWg0ittvv51bGYo75cDCMP5rr72GhoYGRR301eyUL0c6G/z555+LXZVVtXjqxePxoK2tDXV1dQD+v26Ugggop+QwBoCdPHlS9eGv2E0eyZT954YGj+ZQNDkcDAblVJO1Z/EKdouvHmEaLEKm6bNeSqnJI6tjzS98T0oLBYpwRYEiXFGgCFcUKMIVBYpwRYEiXFGgCFcUKMIVBYrkFQ6H8dZbbynengJF8tq9ezcee+wxVFVV4dVXX112e03n8pa7jZ2sPQaDASMjI0veMKrpI2I1zCpZReFwGM8++ywOHTqEV155Je9k/5p75jBZXePj4wiHwzh9+rSiq0Y0bfJI+aFOOeGKAlWmPB4POjo6FL+vFAWqRGTfgLn4RkxBEDIeK7dSPp8P9fX1OHLkyHWfBQIBDAwMFP4Maa5XqJOCSTdgvvPOO/K9c263m+tNmIwt3OyZ/WcPBoPX3QC63FJNS6EjVInItUxhIBBAY2OjfKTy+XwQBAEej0f+vvi1RHrP4XBct8/h4WG43W75Z7/fjwMHDiASicjb19XVIRKJFHSbOgWqxC0OmrSwaktLCxhj6OvrQ1tbGyKRCPr6+gAsrP9ks9nAGENjY2POpmvxelB79+6F2+1GMBjMKKvQ50lToNagvXv3yq+zn4o6Pj6Ozs5OCIKAzs5OxOPxjM+zf7bZbOjr68t5m1wikVBdNwrUOmOxWNDa2gq2sG7FdR1vs9mc0ZQNDQ3lPBpFIpHCHuFbcO+OcNfa2soAMADyijfSe3a7PeO12+2Wt1v8mrGFDr60n+zFMbI75b29vfK2kpV0ymmkvAz5fD5YLJacwwbAQqe+paVl2Se25kKBKlMejyfnWNRS7ytFgSJcUaeccEWBIlxRoAhXFCjCFQWKcEWBIlxRoAhXFCjCFQWKcEWBIlxRoAhXFCjCFQWKcPUf58zm9smeRbcAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
Physics-General
Physics-
There are two identical small holes of area of cross-section a on the opposite sides of a tank containing a liquid of density
. The difference in height between the holes is h. Tank is resting on a smooth horizontal surface. Horizontal force which will has to be applied on the tank to keep it in equilibrium is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
There are two identical small holes of area of cross-section a on the opposite sides of a tank containing a liquid of density
. The difference in height between the holes is h. Tank is resting on a smooth horizontal surface. Horizontal force which will has to be applied on the tank to keep it in equilibrium is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
A cylinder containing water up to a height of 25 cm has a hole of cross-section
in its bottom. It is counterpoised in a balance. What is the initial change in the balancing weight when water begins to flow out
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A cylinder containing water up to a height of 25 cm has a hole of cross-section
in its bottom. It is counterpoised in a balance. What is the initial change in the balancing weight when water begins to flow out
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
Water is filled in a cylindrical container to a height of 3m. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the orifice and the beaker is 0.1. The square of the speed of the liquid coming out from the orifice is (g = 10 m/s2)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Water is filled in a cylindrical container to a height of 3m. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the orifice and the beaker is 0.1. The square of the speed of the liquid coming out from the orifice is (g = 10 m/s2)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
A body floats in a liquid contained in a beaker. The whole system as shown falls freely under gravity. The upthrust on the body due to the liquid is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A body floats in a liquid contained in a beaker. The whole system as shown falls freely under gravity. The upthrust on the body due to the liquid is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
A wooden block, with a coin placed on its top, floats in water as shown in fig. the distance l and h are shown there. After some time the coin falls into the water. Then
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A wooden block, with a coin placed on its top, floats in water as shown in fig. the distance l and h are shown there. After some time the coin falls into the water. Then
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAJYAAAB5CAYAAADbE9i1AAAI8ElEQVR4nO2dP0wTbxjHv9cWCpoInVg0/cfiYg4TjdFKCgOw2ToRF9rFpJ1kwbGYODiYwASb6aQkDjoR6VJs0Rg1aXdpORPjyk1igfL+Brz7HaV/7tp7r1f6fJJLru3T996+9+3z5+17V4ExxkAQJuPodgeIiwkJi+ACCYvgAgmL4AIJi+ACCYvgAgmL4AIJi+ACCasHKJfLEAQBOzs76nO1j+0GCasHePnyJRKJBEKhkPrcmzdv1P25uTkIgnBGbMrjcrkMABgfH4cgCKrt+Pg41z6TsHqAcrmMycnJM8/Nz88jFAohmUwiEAiAMYZ8Po/79+8DAEql0hn7TCYDAIjFYmCMoVQqqaLjAQnLZqTTaUSjUaTTaciyDADY3d1taJ/JZPDo0SMAQCgUQjAYxMbGRkP727dvq/u/f/82qdfnIWHZjEgkgoWFBSwuLsLj8SAajeLmzZvI5XK627h69SrHHurD1e0O9ApLS0vY3NyELMv48+cPDg4OUK1WcXx8DJfLBafTieHhYVy6dAkejwcjIyNNk2tZliFJEiRJQrFYxMePHyFJEmRZhiiKGB0dBQAsLCzgxo0bCAaDmJycxPz8PABgY2MDuVwOjx8/xuvXrxEKhbCzs4NSqYRQKMQ1zOmCEboAwPx+PxsbG2MjIyPM7XYzl8vFBEFgLpeLud1uduXKFTY2Nsb8fj/TDu3+/j579+4dW1lZYZFIhImiyHw+HxNFkUUiEZZKpVg2m2WFQoExxlihUGCRSITt7e2pbZRKJQZA3RKJhPra7Oys+nw+n2eMMRYMBhkAFgwGzz3W2vNC+DdoRAsEQcDa2ppu+2QyCVEUIUkSAEAURYiiCK/Xi3A4DJ/Pp3olLbIso1gsnvFavQiFQgP8+PEDHo8HQ0NDcLvdcDgccDqdqFarODk5QaVSwd+/f7G/vw8AWFlZMSyQ0dFRhMNhXh/BMvreYwmCoNv28uXLqoiq1SoYYzg5OYHD4YAgCHA4HHC5/v+uHhwcNG3vIg89eSwAnz59svyY9+7ds/yYVkLCAuB0OuFwWDfzcnJyYtmxugUJ6x8DAwOWHatSqVh2rG5BwtJghbiOjo64H8MOdCSsnz9/qvter7fjznQbQRDgdDq5tV+tVrm1bTXfvn1T92/dunXu9Y6Etbm5qe4nEolOmrIN2qrObC6SsL5//67umy6siwoPcR0fH5vepp0hYdXB7JB4kTyVXkhYDVAmPTuFMUbCIs5iRkjslyqwFhJWE5SfadqlHyZCG0HCakG7IVH5HbFfIWHpoB2v1Y95lRYSlk6MVIn9LiqAhKUb5XKqVlzkpTBGIGEZQE9IJG91CgnLAIyxpuLq52S9FhKWQRqFRAqBZ6HrCgkumCYs5ZtcLBYxMTEBQRDg9/shSZL62vLyMpaXl21l2+nnNaMNbX+vXbtm+zFTrtBu+tk6uZhifX1d3e/VZTOCIODLly9wu90YHByE2+3GwMAABgYGMDg4qF6M6nK51KtytKJijKmbcqHF8fGxejHr4eEhjo6OcHR0hEqlgsPDQ1QqFdy5c+dc+JRlGRMTE8hms/D5fJaNgSRJho/X6txTKLQRq6urkCQJ6XTasmPKsoypqSn1+kezMF1YdnPbrWy7SW1/nz17BgB4/vy5ZePg8XggSRLi8XhL2+3tbf2fjUJh+6FQwYxQuLq6Cp/Ph2g0ikKhgPfv33MXvhJ6JUnC6OgoCoWC7pBIoZAT2tzKDERRRCQSUfdjsZjp4amWdDqNlZUVAEA2mzU1BFNV2EW0/V1cXFT7I0kS/H4//H6/obaMjkOxWEQ0GlXbePv2LVWFZmE0FLaaee+kKlT60+iUlMtlBINBAKd37AsEAqaNgVEZUCg0kdrphdrNCg+Yz+cxOztrmqh4QVWhARSP1GwzQqPQrO2vlkAggM+fP2N6evpcW52Mg97zRlWhAfSGQqPrsXiEQuD0DsmxWEy9s58Z2DoUdtvz8E7eFbHo2ToZMwDnvImW3d3dMzeo1bbV7jgAoJ90zEaPx2ond2KMcUneZ2Zmmt5FuR14eCxaNtMCO62x+vr1K2ZmZrrdDV1Q8t4EZTa93a2VFzCavOdyuYYz45S824xmodCM6QPGmGmhcG5uDltbW0gkEoZutNsKCoUWYqcQqPDhw4dud0E3VBXWQUm8zdoaeQM9VaEV4wBQVWg69UIhL8yYx+KBreexLgpmeqrarRm1ibGRRNmOUFWowewQ2Cokavs7NTWlhiWv14upqSnLxkHveaOq0ADaUGgVjUKhchJFUUQ2m7XsL0+oKuSIHe5jlUqlEI/H8eDBg57+Hx2AqkIAp78DKnNNVmzK74m1/Y3H4xgaGsLDhw+pKlTo5VDYLeoNvSzLlnurnqgK7eaRWtmmUim174VCAaIoAgB8Ph/29vbU11KplOm29forSRLXcahHs3k2St4JQ3S6zJnmsYi6BAIB5PN5BINBLsuc+z557zdbLb9+/Wq6DIeSd6ItkskkyuUytra2ABi7FROFQqIhmUwG09PTqqB2dnZMa7vvq8J+s1Uol8sAgKWlJTWRD4VCZ84lVYWEYTY2NpDL5bC2tnZmXy8UCom6aJc5N1vy3C5UFfaZrcL6+jru3r0L4DQsPn36FMlksu45paqQsAwKhURXoKqQbFX7VrZUFRKGEAQbr27olW8n2dJ6LMIibO2xCEILJe9kq/u8UfJOGIJCIdEzUFVItgCoKiQ4QKGQ6BmoKiRb3eeNqkLCEBQKiZ6BqkKyBUBVIcGBngiFdvomki0l70QX2N7eRjgcVj2W8lgPlLwTDZGk///YPJ1Oo1gsmtY2Je99bCtJp38yDgAvXrzAq1evKHknzCGdTiMejyOVSmF5Wf//N1IoJJoSi8UQDofx5MkTU9s1zWMRvcvBwQGGh4fbfj95LKIunYiqER0J6/r162b1g+hRGmmgo1BIEI2gUEhwgYRFcIGERXCBhEVwgYRFcIGERXCBhEVwgYRFcIGERXCBhEVwgYRFcIGERXCBhEVwgYRFcIGERXCBhEVwgYRFcIGERXCBhEVwgYRFcOE/AG+q3QS3TMsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
Physics-General
Physics-
A homogeneous solid cylinder of length L
. Cross-sectional area
is immersed such that it floats with its axis vertical at the liquid-liquid interface with length
in the denser liquid as shown in the fig. The lower density liquid is open to atmosphere having pressure
. Then density D of solid is given by
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A homogeneous solid cylinder of length L
. Cross-sectional area
is immersed such that it floats with its axis vertical at the liquid-liquid interface with length
in the denser liquid as shown in the fig. The lower density liquid is open to atmosphere having pressure
. Then density D of solid is given by
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General