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Iron is a ferromagnetic substance and ferromagnetic substance obeys Curie-Weiss law above its Curie temperature.

For permanent magnet we prefer a material with high retentivity (so as to make a stronger magnet) and high coercivity (so that magnetization may not be wiped out easily). For electromagnet we prefer high saturated magnetism, low coercivity and least possible area of hysteresis loop so that electromagnet develops high magnetization, is easily demagnetized and energy loss in a magnetization cycle is least. Therefore, Pis suitable for making permanent magnet and Q for making electromagnet.

Diamagnetic materials have negative susceptibility. Thus, (c) is wrongly stated.

The materials for a permanent magnet should have high retentivity (so that the magnet is strong) and high coercivity (so that the magnetism is not wiped out by stray magnetic fields). As the material in this case is never put to cyclic changes of magnetization, hence hysteresis is immaterial.

Therefore,


Or

Magnetic substance when kept in a magnetic field is feebly repelled or thrown out if the substance is diamagnetic.

The curie temperature or curie point of a ferromagnetic material is the temperature above which it looses its characteristic ferromagnetic ability to possess a net magnetization in the absence of an external magnetic field. Hence, above curie temperature material is purely paramagnetic.

Area enclosed by curve represents energy lost. If the area of hysteresis loop is less energy loss is low whereas if the area of hysteresis loop is large energy loss is high.

For paramagnetic materials, the magnetic susceptibility gives information on the molecular dipole moment and hence on the electronic structure of the molecules in the material. The paramagnetic contribution to the molar magnetic susceptibility of a material, is related to the molecular magnetic moment Mby the Curie relation