Physics-
General
Easy
Question
A cell in which chemical energy is directly converted into electric energy is called
- secondary cell
- primary cell
- mutual cell
- all
The correct answer is: primary cell
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cEAgFyc3P56c9/SVp6ep84okq4Np1Ox8OPPMaDDz1CXFw8F88X8NH6dVSUV0S6NKGf6/KgkiSJCxfOs3Hjx9TV1ZGekcG/vfj/GDxkiAipfkChUPC9F37AnQsXYjAYOHr4EH99Zw1+ny/SpQn9WJcHldPZzF/fWUv+mTMkJibx0COPMWHixK5+GyGCVCoVz7/wQ8ZNmIDb7ebwoUN88smmSJcl9GNdHlR/e/cdjh87ikKpZMq0ady38gHRkuqHEpOSePjRxxmZl0ddbQ1/XbuWwosXIl2W0E91aVAdPniQTzZvxt7UxJixY3nsiSeJEwcv9EtKpZIpU6ayZOlyTDExlJQU8/prr+LzeukFW5wJ/UyXBNXVwxhsvP3m69RUV5GSmsqKe+5l+IiRYqlFPxYTG8uiJUuZNXsOXo+HQwcPsGnDx3i9YhRQ6FpdElQ+r5ePP1zP6dOnkMlkV//yzpojZi4PABmZmax88CFyhw6jtaWFt996g/KyMvx+f6RLE/qR2w4qv99PSUkx76z5C672dkbmjWLp0uVi/6IBQqlUMnzESJ58ajUGg4Erly+z7oP3aHY4xC2g0GVuK6gkSaKxsZE1b79FfV0dOp2OVaufJic3V9zyDSAxMTHMnDmL6TNnIUkSH61fz8WLF/CJKQtCF7mtoPJ4PBTkn2Xzxg0AzFuwgLFjx4mTdweghMREnv/BD1Gr1bhdLl5/9RVKS4pFq0roErcVVFcuX+bVV/5IKBTCYDDw3PMvkJCY2FW1CX2ISqUiMzOL76x+Gp1Ox5nTp9i/dy/NzY5Ilyb0A50OqrraWrZv28qVS5fQ6XQ8/d3nSE/PEHOmBjCDwcB3Vj9DWno6YUni448+5LPjxyNdltAPdCqoJEni7JnT7Ni6BUmSyMnJ5cGHHxajfAOcQqEgOSWFJ1Y9RZzZTG1NNXt276KqsjLSpQl9XKeCyma1cuL4MWprazDFxPDwY4+RkpoqdkUQkMlkLLxrEcNHjESpVHH61ClOnfw80mUJfVyngup8wTlOnzyJXC4nIyOTefMXIJOJ/aWEqxKTrq7xTE5JpqG+jiOHDtHsEH1VQud1OF1cLheHDx2ksrKC2Fgzdy5cSGJSUnfUJvRhU6ZOZezYcchkcoqKCikoKIh0SUIf1uGgunLpEucLzuHxeMjMymLuvDu7oy6hj4s1m1m8dBnZg7Kpralm66ebxWx1odM6FFSSJLFj+1YqyssxGKIYPWYsuUOHdldtQh83dfoMpk2fSXt7O2fPnKak+EqkSxL6qA4FVWVFBcePHcXpdJKTm8v8BQvEDHThuvR6PXPmzmPU6DE0NTXx6SebI12S0Ed1KKj279uLtcGKQqFg3Pjx5I0a3V11Cf2ATCZj9NixLFqyFI/bzZ5du7A3NRIOhyNdmtDH3FJQSZKEx+Nh+9YtOJ3NZGVnc8fkKURFRXV3fUIfFx0dzYQJE8kePJhGm5W9e/eIviqhw25pGnkwGOTUyc8pLyvF7/czZeo0Ro8eI277hJuSyWSkZ2Ywbdp03n1nLZs2bGDhXYvRarWRLk3oAiFPMwVnT3P29Fkaml3I1VFk5gxjztgU3lu/ncHT72fexMGY9Krbep9bCiq/388nmzbicrmwWCxMmTZdrOkTbllsrJmZs2az7oP3OXv6FCXFxYwePRq1RhPp0oTbIPlbOLVvA6++uZ76thBJ6ZmoQ25OHd5Lybgc1q/bwl1R45k4MrP7gyoUCmGzWjmwby9er5e58+YzdNgwsaZPuGVarZb0zExycnLJzz/L9q2fkpWVRbzFEunShNtgLz/Jf/3hTSr9Zh545oesXDobrdfGvvWv88c1H+P2egkj0RX7Z9y0j6q9vZ19e3fjcDhQqVQsXX43qaliUzyhY2JMMcyYNQskiX379mK320Wneh93YvtHVDS5mffwM6xcsYhUczRxKYNZ8p3/zaqFeWjVXdeYuWlQtbQ42brlU8LhMGPHjWfo8GHodLouK0AYGEwxMSxctBiA8tJSzpw+RXt7e4SrEjovxPmzF/CoLYzKSSXR9D+hpNXpmLfgTjRqNV3Vi33DoPL7fFRVVHC+oABJklhx771YRHNd6ASlUklSUhITJ01CpVKxe9cObNaGSJcldIoEkpfWVjcKtRatWv2NIJHLFVgsCSjlXbf+94av1Nbexrn8fIKBAEajiSlTpmIwiCkJQudotTqmTpuOSqWitKQEu90e6ZKEzpKp0OpUhIMBgqHQN/qhJEnC7/dfu3dKCtLSWMqvXnic3ReacftvrQfrhkHV2tLK+YJzKBQKhg0fjtEUI7ZyETpNrVYzYcJElEoV1oYGbFYrgUAg0mUJHSYDVOTkZKPyOyira6LZHfrq0WAwwOWiiwSCoW/+sbAfa0Uhb//HT9m49zjW1gDBW+xpv2FQOZ3NlJeVoVQqGTN2LGq1uqM/kSB8RaVSMSJvFDq97qvTi1pbWyJdltApMu64cykWvcT+zZs4kX+Jdl+IgKeN2isneWfDfjw+//+0qcJuSi+cYM2rr3PRqUQn79hAynW75YPBIE2NTdTW1qJUKhk3foIIKuG2yOVy4uLiyB40GGdzM5eKirA32YmLi490aUInDJ5wJ4/eW8CaDUd550+/o2zWdIxSK1fOHKbQFiD49SySwrjaWohOH8WDywezJv9Ah9bvXfe5LpeL8vIyXK52NFoto0aPFkEldIlx48ej0+uprqykoaE+0uUInSTXJ7PymR+x+rHlRAeb2Pfph2zauo86fywP3j0PjeZrkzwVUYyevpzv/2A147I7fmG6bovK4bBTVHgRpVJJSkoqySkpon9KuG0ymYxRo8awSfcx9Q311NZUI0mSWI7VR6mMqTz0/L/y0PN8dTRayNtO8a5XeV15jXZQJ/8/X7dFZbNaKSstRafTMX78eLHVsNBlho8cgU6np9nhoLq6Gq/XE+mShC4gk8m67YJz3fRx2O047Ha0Wi0j8kaJK57QJWQyGenpGcTEmFAoFDTabDQ3N0e6LKGXu25QOZ3NNDubUanVpKaJJTNC11EqlaSnZ6DVamlqaqLFKUb++hUZyJAhl8mQddHc9Gv2Ufn9fhwOBx63G4vFQkpqqmhRCV0qPTMTrU6Hw2HH6XRGuhyhC8lVWlLvWMFvfp9H4pCxxEV9cxBOJgOZXN6h7qprBpWrvf2rRaMajYbExCQRVEKXysjIQKfV0dbaSqPNGulyhC4kV6iIThnKnSnXOk9Bjt6Yyup/+RlZg6LQKG4tV64ZVC2tLTQ1NqJSqYiPt4gTkIUul5SUjE6vx+lsxmoVQTVwyNFHW5h/36Md/FPX0NrSgr2pCa1WR0ZmZpeUJwhfF/fFBbC9rQ2b1frV0LYgXMs1g8put9Pc3IxWpyU9QwSV0PXi4+OJiorC4/HQ1NQo1vwJN3TNoGq02Whva0Wn1ZGent7TNQkDQFx8PPovuhTa2trEke/CDV0zqNraWvF4vWi0GkwxMT1dkzAAKBQKTKYY1Go1Pq8Xl8sV6ZKEXuyaQeVqd+H3+ZDJZMi7cPMrQfiSTCZDIZcjk8nw+Xx4PO5IlyT0YteenuBqx+fz9XQtfZIkSQQCARx2O/n5Z9Go1YwaPYZYs1msjbxFV4NKLKPpDyRJIhQKwZeDIzIZCoXitqc3fSuowuEwLpdLdG7eApfLRfGVy+zasYOqqkqKL19GpVYzZMgQps+cyR2TppCVnR3pMns9EVT9g++Lrcs3bvj4q/yQyWTcuXAhw0eMJDo6utOv/a2gCgQCeL3eq6koXJckSRQXX+H3v32Jg/v3f+OxC+cLOHrkME8+tZrHn1xFbKw5QlX2DX6/D5c46KFP8/l8XL50iT+/8ke2bvn0G4+dL8jnu889z6QpUzt9uvq3gsrj8YjbvlvQ1tbGzu3bOHHs2DUfb2xsZPfOHYzMy2Pe/AU9XF3fEggEaW1tjXQZwm2orq5izdtvfiukAI4fO4ZSqcIUE8OEiXd06vW/1VPu9Xrw+byderGB5FJRISc/++yGoX7l8mX2790rWqc3EQwEaG0RC5P7qnA4zKED+9mze9d1n3OpqJDTJ092+j2uEVRefD5/p19woCi6eJHa2pobPsfr9VJRUU59fV0PVdU3BQIBWttEi6qvcjqdlBSXdOvF5ltBpVapUalu75z4gSApORljtPGGz5HJZERHG4mLi+uhqvomhVKBXq+PdBlCJ5lMJtLS0rr1YOJvBZVGqxV7o9+C9IxMklJSbvgck8nEoEGD0Wi0PVRV36RSqoiK6vyIkBBZCoWC0WPGkjt02HWfYzTFkJCY2On3+FZQabVaNGpNp19woEhLT2fR4iXk5OZe83GNRsPU6TNYuny5mDR7E0qVEqPxxq1ToXcbkZfHirvvwWz+9t2DXq9n+owZTJo8pdOv/61RP41Gg1qjFvtP3YTRaGTenQsIBoOsefstKsrLCIVCyGSyqyE1bTrPPPvcDa8ywlUqlYqo25hjI0Se2WxmwaJFeH1eThw7xsWLFwiFQuTk5DBm3Hjuu38lyTe5A7mRbwWVUqlEp9OJWdW3IDExkUWLl6DX69m/by9NjY3I5XLSMzJ45LEnyBs1SnyOt0Ct1nRr/4bQMzIyMnnm2e9x54KF7Nu7B7/fz/QZMxk2fESn50996ZpLaPR6A2px+3dLLAkJ3P/Ag9x7/0panE7kCgVRUVEioDpArVaj1Yp+vP5Ao9EwdNhwhg4b3qWve+2gMuhRa0SHekfI5XJizWIGekd8uVWeWqNGqxUtKuH6rtnLazAYUKvVSJJEONyxM+IF4VaFwyEkSUIjbv2Em7hmUJliYtHr9Xg8HuxNTT1dkzAAeDwenE4ngUAAnV5/WwtWhf7vmkGVmJCA0WjE6/VSXV3V0zUJA0Czw4GrvR25XI7JZMJoMkW6JKEXu2ZQxcbFERdvwevxUFVZ2dM1CQOAvakJl8uFXq8nITFRrIYQbuiaQRUTE0tCQsJXLSrRTyV0tSZ7Ey5XO0ajieTkzs+vEQaGa/dRmUxYEhIIBoM4muxiP2uhy9XV1uJxuzGajCQnJ0e6HKGXu2ZQ6fV64uPjUavV+AN+6uvrxLlrQpeqqqrE4/ESG2smLt4S6XKEXu6aQSWTyTCb44iNNRPw+6mrrRVB9XWShPS1r6u/JYnPqAOqKivxeDzEWyzExIqTjoQbu+aETwBzXBzmuDgabVZqqqr4n+l5A52Ez+vG4/ESRo5Gq0OjVuJ1teINKzGbosQi5JsIBALUVFfj9XpISEggNjY20iUJvdx1g8qSkEBqWhpVlRWcOX2ahx97nIH9709CCnrZ9/7LrN14kDp7GxIyYlKGMGHmAhRXPuGwayRvv/QjLDHRiCXd1yZJEpcvFdHW1opOryclNU1s8SLc1PVbVLFmcnJz2bdnN/lnz+Dz+brk2Ju+yu91cezDP/DyW5sIWcaw4vHZZMcpuZx/kj3rX6OttYm25ASCITFCejPnCwpwu91YLBaSU1JEC1S4qesGldFkYsiQHGQyGU32JkqKrzBiZN7AnO8S9uN1lPDeOx9iVw7h+6u/y13TRhGrlzNhVC7agJ1X11WhEINXNyVJEqdPncTtcjNo0GAx4ifckuteyjQaDYlJScTGmgkGApz8/PMBezpNyO/BXnySz4ubyBq3gKljcok3GVCodCRnDWfRA4+QZRaLuG9GkiS8Hg/n8vPxej1kDxpMXFx8pMsS+oAbtrljYmJIz8ggGAxy6uTn+AdoUAX9fhoqKnCFIWNIzjcW0MpUegyxmQxJFTtU3kwwGKSsrJRGm/Xqpmq5ucSIjnThFtwwqIwmE9mDBhEMBjmXfxaXyzUgh+C/PLYdQKVWI/9GP50MuVyBXqsRHeg34ff7+fzEiasLkXU6MjIybntDNWFguGFQRUcbyRs1mnA4TH1dHVcuX8LrHXhn/imUSmLNZuQycDQ1EggGv/ZomFDQR0ubS0zguAmfz8eJ48cIBAKkpWcQazYP2MEZoWNuGFRRUVGMHjPmqw70zZs24rDbe6Sw3ix2b50AABBESURBVESp1ZEyegLpWjkXjh+gqbmF8BepFPa34azL53ypOEDzRiRJwtXezrGjRwgEAgwaPPiaBwEIwrXcMKiUCgWJSUlMmzEDuVzOsSNHsFobBtwiZZlcgyFxLN95eDbusoP89r//wpHTF7HWVXFiz6f8xy9fweqXxJzYG2hvb+fE8WO4XC5kMhlLli2/reOThIHlutMTAJDJMJliWLxkGUcPH8bhsHP44EHSMzKwWBJ6qMReQCZHrY9l8ep/pjX0Mts/389v/v0EpigtgSAEo3PJimukQdzFXFdrawtHDh8CYMTIkYwYMULs6incshsHFVcXKE+bMYPUtDRqa2rYv28vM2fPHlhBBcgVSuIzR/HA0z8i947zlNXYCITkxCSlY9LBBy8doyHSRfZSkiThbHZy5vRpZDIZ8+YvwBwXJyZ6CrfspkGlUCiIj7cw784FrP/gfcpKS7hUVMiw4SMG5DHcCdl5LMjO+9rvSFQX57NetKauy+12UXzlMg31dRhNJhbetUgsmxE65JYuaWq1mqXLlmOMNtLW1sbxY8eor6vr7tqEfsLe1MThgwdQKBRMmjyFzKws1GoxQVa4dbcUVEqlkvETJjIkJweNRkNBfj7nC84NuE7165HJ5CiVatRKJWK0/ZtCoRBVVVUUnDuHXm/gnnvvQ60RZ0YKHXPLnQRyuZzlX5wtX1lZweefnaC1tbU7a+szVBod2UPzGJ6TjkocPPoNLU4nnx0/TllZKZaEBOYvWChaU0KHdag3c+78O0lMSkIul5N/9ixnT5/urrr6EBmWlMH800tv8+rPnsdsNIgZ6l9z+tRJdmzfSqzZzD333Y9arRaTPIUO61BQmc1m5i9YgMWSQGVFOXt278Tv93dXbX2GXKFAZ4giSq/9u+U1A5u1oZ6D+/dRXVWFxZLAXYsWi5ASOqVDQaVQKJg3fwFZg7LxeDxcvHiBosKL3VWb0IdJksTxY8c4cfw4er2BadNnkJ6eHumyhD6qwxNZsrKzGTtuPEajkZqqKnbv2ik61YVvqa+rY9fOHdTW1pCWns6iJUtRib4poZM6HFR6vZ7Zc+aSmZ2N0+nkwL591FRXd0dtQh8VDoc5evQwFwoKkMvljMzLY+jQoZEuS+jDOjU1eOiwYUyaPAWlUklDfT3bt20l+I0dBYSBrL6ujvUfvI/V2kBaWjpz5s4TR7YLt6VTQRUXF8/UqdPJzMrG6Wzmb399l9raWkKhUFfXJ/QxoVCIjRs+oqy0FJlMxuSpUxkzdlykyxL6uE4vtrpj8mQefexxlEolVmsDb7z2Ku3tbV1Zm9DHhEIh6upq+evatTjsdkaNHsOSpctJEvuiC7ep00EVFRXFrDlzWbRkKT6vl4/Wf0BhYeGA3FhPuMrlauf3//kSzhYnMTExPP7kKsaNHx/psoR+oNNBJZPJSE1LY9VTqxk6bBher5c3XnsVq1XsITAQud0uPj/xGXt27SQYCPDgI48yafIUsVxG6BK3tc+GWq1mSE4OTz/7HDq9ntMnP+fwwYM0Nzu6qj6hDwiHw1gbrKxd8xatra1MmTqNe+69n3iLRUzwFLrEbW8IZDBEMW/+nSxfcTeBQIB17/+NS0VFBL84DEHo/+x2O7t37SD/zBksCQmsWv00GZmZA/MMSKFb3HZQyeVyTKYYnnn2OYbk5FJeVsYnGzdSU1MDA/DEmoHG43Zz7uwZPly/DmQyVj7wEFOnTcNgMES6NKEf6ZItFpVKJblDh7HqqdWYzWYO7N/Hrh3baW0Tuyv0Z+FwmPLyMj5cv46aqipGjx7D088+i14vQkroWl26F+yKu+9h5uzZuN0utm3dwqmTJ8Xcqn6staWFTz/ZzLEjh0lJTeN73/8B8fEWscWw0OW69G+USq3m2e99n7HjJ3DhfAHvvbMWe1NTV76F0EtIksSuHTvYtmULOp2OFfdcvUgJQnfo8ktfaloaDz/6GDm5ueSfPcNbb7wultf0QxfOn2fjho9otFmZNHkKjz3+ZKRLEvqxLg8qpVLJtOkzWLJsOXK5nJ3bt/Hppo0D8ij4/qqx0cafX/0TF86fJ2/UaB5f9R3MZnOkyxL6sW7pTDCZTCxavJTZc+fR1NTEm2+8zsED+/H5fN3xdkIPkSSJtrY2/vzKnzhx7Chx8fHcfe99jMwbhVxswSx0o27r9czMzOTBhx4hb9QoSoqv8Kf/fpkL5wvwej3d9ZZCN5IkidbWVv76zlo2b9yAJEksW7GCufPmEx0tjr4Sule3BZVao2H4yJE8+73nSUlN4+Rnn/HnV1+hrLRMtKz6GEmSaGlpYffOHbz1+p9pb29n6rTp3H3PfSSnpES6PGEA6NZx5OjoaMZNmMiqp57CaDKxd/cu3n7zdaoqK0UHex/S3t7Oyc8/479f/gMOh51hw0fw/As/JHvQILFERugR3T7hJTY2lvtWPsiSpcvQ6XRs3riBde+/R319nZhj1Qd4vR7OnD7FH377EtVVlcRbLPzvf/4XBg8ZglJ504O2BaFL9MjMvOjoaP7vT3/GiLw85HI5765dw+uvvkpDQ31PvL3QScFgkMMHD/HSr3/FxQsXMBgM/NM//yvjxk9Aq9NFujxhAFG8+OKLL3b3m8hkMpRKFSNH5nEu/yxNTU1cuXyJqspKcocOIy4urrtLEDrI6/WyacPH/PHl31NSWoLJaOThRx/niVXfQafXi1s+oUf1SFDB1bCKiYll9Jgx2JuaqKmpobKigitXLpORkUlKampPlCHcgva2Nt59Zw3vrHmb6qoq4uMtPPbkKp5c9R1izWYRUkKP67GggqvnAprj4sgdOhSZTEZVVSXlZaWUl5cRazaTkpoq+j0iKBwO0+xw8NYbr/PhBx9QX1dHRkYmjz+5invvu1+M8AkR06NBBVfDKi4+nuzsQegNBurrarlUVEhZWSlR0dFYLBa0Wq24avcwv99PRXkZ76xZw4frPsDusDN06FAeX7WKJcvEvudCZPV4UMHV20BTTAzZgwaTkpJKbXU1Fy9coKiwECSINZvRGwyiddUDwuEwTqeTgnP5/OWtN/n4w/X4fF6GDx/Bd5/7PvMXLCQ+Pj7SZQoDnEyK8CI8r8dDUWEhv33pPyg4d45wOMT8BQt59PEnGDZ8BEajUbSuuonf76fRZuPA/r289+67FBVeJCoqiqHDhvPjn/wTY8ePFxvgCb1CxIMKvugbaW7mP375c/bu2Y2zuZncocN49PEnWLp8BSaTCYVYS9ZlJEnC7/NRWlrCu2vX8OnmTXg8HoxGI/MXLOQffvy/SE1NE5+50Gv0iqD6UjAYZO1f3mbt229RXV1FVHQ0c+fN58c/+SeyBw2KdHn9ht/vZ+uWT3jjtde4VFSIXC4nMyuLH/zDj1i24m6USqVoxQq9Sq8KKri6XOP0qVP8+ZU/cvrUSeRyBSmpqax66imW330vJpNJ7CDZSaFQiMuXL/Han/7IZ8eP43DYMRiimDl7Nj/8xx+Rnp6BTq+PdJmC8C29LqgAXC4XpSXFrHv/b2zfuoXW1lYslgSGDhvGk0+tZsKEiRhNJnHVv0WBQID6ujo2fvwhO3fsoKqqEp/Xy5CcHB586BHmL7yL5ORkcWqM0Gv1yqCCq7cndbW1HDq4n80bN1JwLh+ZTMagwUOYPnMmS5YuY/jwEehFZ+91hcNhbDYbJ44dZcsnmzlfcA6bzUZ8vIV5d97J4iVLyRs9RozqCb1erw2qL7W2tnK+4BzbtnzKgf37sFmtGAwGRo4axcK7FjHxjslkZmUSFSX2RPpSKBSisbGRS4UXOXzoIIcOHqC8rAyVSs3IUXksvGsRC+9aTEpqKmq1OtLlCsJN9fqgAgiHQzidTrZ88gmfbt5EcfEV2lpbiTWbycsbxYK7FjFq9BjS0tMH7AihJEn4/X5sNivlZWUcOXSIw4cOUFFeTigcJjExkTsmTeGhRx5lzJgxYlGx0Kf0iaD6uvMF51j3/vscPnSQpkYbHo8HlUrFsBEjWLJkGTNnzyExMZFooxGVStXv+7HC4TAej4fmZgelxcVs37aVA/v20tjYiFwuJzo6mozMLB58+GFW3H0vhqiofv+ZCP1PnwsquLqy/9iRI2zc8BEnjh+jrbUVv99POBwmNT2dJUuXsWTpMgYPyUGn0/XL4fZQKEQgEKDZ4eDUyc/5ZPNGDuzbRzAYRKFQotGoyczK5q7Fi1m6bAVDcnIiXbIgdFqfDCq42pLw+/2Ulpaw/v2/sWPbNmw2K3D1mPloo5EZM2ex8sGHmDxlKrp+dqtTXVXJrp072LxxA0WFhYRCIcLhMAqFgvETJrLywYeYM28ecXHxKBSKfhfUwsDSZ4MKrvbLBINBXO3tOJ1Otm/dwtYtn1BaUoLP50Oj0WI0GsnKzuaBhx5m9py5mOPi+mwfVjAYpPDiBT7ZtJGDB/bTaLPhdrsJBoPExMRwx+QpPPLY4wwdOgyjyYRWq+2zP6sgfF2fDqqv+3IZjs1q5eKF8+zZtZNz+fnYbFaUSiUWSwJJycnMnTefyVOmkpaRgdkci1qtiXTp1xUOh3G5XNisVkpLS9i+dQuXi4qor6+jra0NtUZDZmYmM2bNZs7ceaSlpZOYmIhG7D4h9DP9Jqi+rq2tjfq6OoqvXCb/7BlOHD9GWWkZHo+bhISrgZWYlExKSiqDBg8mJzeX5JQULJYEtFptxGa+h8NhHA4HjY02KsvLKS4uprKiAqu1AWt9PTU11fh8PhISExmZN4rJU6aQlzeazOwsEhISxW4TQr/VL4PqS8FgEIfdzqVLRZw+eZJz+WcpKyuj2WHH7XajVKkwm80kJSWTmZVFRmYmqSmpxJrjiImNJSbGhMEQhd5gQK/Xo1arb7ulEgqF8Hg8eNxuXG4X7a1tNDubaXY009TUSHVVJZUVFdTW1mC1WmlrbUOhkGM0mkhITGDEyDzGjZ/AuPHjSc/IFGfqCQNCvw6qrwsGg5SWlHAu/yyFFy9SWVmBw26npaWFtrZW3C4XXq+X6OhoYs1mzHFxxMXFkZSUQnJyMkkpKcTHx6PRaDodVuFwmLa2NqwNDdTX1VFfX4fNasXhcOCw23E47EiShE6vJ8oQhdFkJCYmhoSERHJyh5I3ejRjx43DZIoRfU/CgDJggurvtbe1UVNTTVlpKZeKiigqLKS8vAyvx4PP7yPgDxAI+AkEAgSDQSRJQq3RYDQaO3Vr+GXHf4vTSTgcRq5QoFIqUanUqNQq1Go1GrWGWHMsQ4cNZ/iIkeTk5pKdPYiERHFbJwxsAzao/p4kSbS3t3PlymUqysqoqqygsrKSqspKamtqcLldhMNhuM2PSyaXo1QoiI+3kJaRTkZGFplZmWRmZTF4cA7pGRlicbAg/B0RVF8jSRKSJBEOh7/69ZdLUxoa6qksL8fv9wOd/chkxMXFk5WdTbTR+NX8JrlcfvW7TIZMbGEjCN8iguoWSJJEKBQiGAhwux+XXKFApVKJPbUEoQNEUAmC0OuJy7ogCL2eCCpBEHo9EVSCIPR6IqgEQej1RFAJgtDriaASBKHXE0ElCEKvJ4JKEIReTwSVIAi93v8HUKb8FvwaVrkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
A thin metallic spherical shell carries a charge Q on it. A point charge q is placed at the centre of the shell and another charge q1 is placed outside it as shown in fig. All the three charges are positive. q1 q Q The force on the charge at the centre is
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)
physics-General
physics-
A simple pendulum of time period T is suspended above a large horizontal metal sheet with uniformly distributed positive charge. If the bob is given some negative charge, its time period of oscillation will be
A simple pendulum of time period T is suspended above a large horizontal metal sheet with uniformly distributed positive charge. If the bob is given some negative charge, its time period of oscillation will be
physics-General
physics-
A positive point charge Q is brought near an isolated metal cube. Which of the following is correct?
A positive point charge Q is brought near an isolated metal cube. Which of the following is correct?
physics-General
physics-
Three charges –q1 + q2 and –q3 are placed as shown in figure. The x-component of the force on –q1 is proportional to
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)
Three charges –q1 + q2 and –q3 are placed as shown in figure. The x-component of the force on –q1 is proportional to
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
physics-General