How many pair of contrasting characters were studied by Mendel?

In the given diagram, all the f1 progeny is yellow because:

• F1 generation of parents with homozygous genes (one dominant and other recessive) will be all dominant
• F2 generation will have both dominant and recessive phenotypes with different genotypes

According to Mendel, what was responsible for the inheritance of specific traits?

• Inheritance is the transmission of genes down to future generations
• Laws of inheritance were proposed by Mendel
• Laws of inheritance include: Law of dominance, Law of segregation and Law of independent assortment
• The gene is the hereditary unit 
• The physical traits are due to the expression of genes

An organism with two identical alleles is

• Alleles determine the phenotype of an organism
• Alleles can be homozygous or heterozygous
• Recessive trait will be masked in heterozygous alleles

In the given diagram, which of the following accounts for the green pea seed in the f2 generation?

• F1 generation of parents with homozygous genes (one dominant and other recessive) will be all dominant
• F2 generation will have both dominant and recessive phenotypes with different genotypes

If the genotype has one dominant and one recessive allele, then the phenotype will be :

• An allele refers to DNA sequences present in a particular locus
• The allele is the different versions or variants that are possible for a specific gene
• For a particular gene two alleles are present
• The allele is expressed as the phenotype
• Usually the dominant allele will be expressed

An allele is considered as:

• Alleles are sequence of nucleic acid that determine the phenotype of an organism

In sexual reproduction ______ gametes fuse to form _________ zygote.

• Living organisms contain two types of cells: somatic cells and sex cells
• The somatic or body cells contain two sets of chromosomes and are called diploid
• The gametes contain single set of chromosomes and are called haploid

Genotype is referred to as the_________________

• Genotype of an individual is a combination of genes received from both parents
• The offspring will exert the characteristics of the dominant alone, though the genotype contains both dominant and recessive alleles

If a cross between homozygous tall (TT) and homozygous dwarf pea plant (tt) is carried out then, the offspring of the F1 generation will be:   

• Monohybrid cross between TT vs tt is as follows:

• Tt is heterozygous and represents tall offspring

Which branch of biology focuses on the study of inheritance?

• Inheritance is the transmission of genes down to future generations
• Laws of inheritance were proposed by Mendel
• Laws of inheritance include: Law of dominance, Law of segregation and Law of independent assortment
• The gene is the hereditary unit 
• The physical traits are due to the expression of genes

Phenotype means the ______________________ of an individual.

• Behavior is also included in phenotype
• Phenotype can be subjected to change
• Alteration of phenotype to survive extreme condition is the basis for evolution

Which among the following is a recessive trait in pea plants?

• The homozygous trait for violet flower is PP and for white flower is pp
• A cross between these two flowers produced Pp which is heterozygous
• The hybrid formed exhibited dominant allele purple color, which will mask the recessive allele expression

Mendel believed that characteristics of pea plants are determined by the:

• Genes have two alleles: a dominant and recessive
• If both alleles are same they are termed homozygous, otherwise heterozygous
• The offspring will exhibit the characteristics of the dominant allele 

Mendel used __________ type of pea lines.

• Self pollinating flowers are produced when pollen fall from anther to the stigma of the same plant
• The genetic information of the female and male gametes will be same
• New character will not be produced during self pollination or true breeding
• Elimination of weaker qualities will not be possible in these plants

The idea that different alleles pairs are passed to offspring independently of each other is Mendel's law of:

• The law of segregation is the basis for independent assortment
• During meiosis, the number of chromosomes is reduced to half to form haploid gametes
• The assortment of the chromosomes into gametes occur randomly
• Following segregation, recombination also occurs during meiosis
• Combination of paternal and maternal genes can occur and a hybrid is formed