If the genotype has one dominant and one recessive allele, then the phenotype will be :

An allele is considered as:

• Alleles are sequence of nucleic acid that determine the phenotype of an organism

In sexual reproduction ______ gametes fuse to form _________ zygote.

• Living organisms contain two types of cells: somatic cells and sex cells
• The somatic or body cells contain two sets of chromosomes and are called diploid
• The gametes contain single set of chromosomes and are called haploid

Genotype is referred to as the_________________

• Genotype of an individual is a combination of genes received from both parents
• The offspring will exert the characteristics of the dominant alone, though the genotype contains both dominant and recessive alleles

If a cross between homozygous tall (TT) and homozygous dwarf pea plant (tt) is carried out then, the offspring of the F1 generation will be:   

• Monohybrid cross between TT vs tt is as follows:

• Tt is heterozygous and represents tall offspring

Which branch of biology focuses on the study of inheritance?

• Inheritance is the transmission of genes down to future generations
• Laws of inheritance were proposed by Mendel
• Laws of inheritance include: Law of dominance, Law of segregation and Law of independent assortment
• The gene is the hereditary unit 
• The physical traits are due to the expression of genes

Phenotype means the ______________________ of an individual.

• Behavior is also included in phenotype
• Phenotype can be subjected to change
• Alteration of phenotype to survive extreme condition is the basis for evolution

Which among the following is a recessive trait in pea plants?

• The homozygous trait for violet flower is PP and for white flower is pp
• A cross between these two flowers produced Pp which is heterozygous
• The hybrid formed exhibited dominant allele purple color, which will mask the recessive allele expression

Mendel believed that characteristics of pea plants are determined by the:

• Genes have two alleles: a dominant and recessive
• If both alleles are same they are termed homozygous, otherwise heterozygous
• The offspring will exhibit the characteristics of the dominant allele 

Mendel used __________ type of pea lines.

• Self pollinating flowers are produced when pollen fall from anther to the stigma of the same plant
• The genetic information of the female and male gametes will be same
• New character will not be produced during self pollination or true breeding
• Elimination of weaker qualities will not be possible in these plants

The idea that different alleles pairs are passed to offspring independently of each other is Mendel's law of:

• The law of segregation is the basis for independent assortment
• During meiosis, the number of chromosomes is reduced to half to form haploid gametes
• The assortment of the chromosomes into gametes occur randomly
• Following segregation, recombination also occurs during meiosis
• Combination of paternal and maternal genes can occur and a hybrid is formed

The genotypic ratio of monohybrid cross is?

• Monohybrid cross is the cross between parents with homozygous genotype of a single trait
• Genotype of homozygous individuals cane be determined through monohybrid cross
• The dominant allele can be determined
• Punnett square can be used to determine the phenotype and genotype 

Continuous self-pollination in a species may develop?

• Pollination helps in the reproduction in plants by transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma
• Pollination can be classified into 

1. Self pollination: Pollen grains from anther falls into the stigma of the same flower
2. Cross pollination: Pollen grains from anther falls into the stigma of a different flower

Which method is used to produce a true-breeding line?  

• True or pure breeding is possible in self-pollination
• Elimination of weaker qualities is not possible
• New variety of offspring cannot be formed in self-pollinating plants

The process of the transfer of characters from parents to offspring is referred to as ______

• The genes are present in chromosomes
• Each organism has a specific number of chromosome
• Humans have 23 pairs while peas have 7 pairs

Which is not a pair of contrasting traits studied by Mendel?

• Gene is the hereditary unit
• Gene can have different versions called alleles
• The alleles can be dominant or recessive
• The presence of a dominant allele will mask the presence of a recessive allele