Ionizing radiation causes ___________.

If the mutation occurs in the non-functional part of DNA, then these mutations may remain as _________.

• Silent mutation does not affect the individual since the change in the nucleic acid sequence doe not alter the amino acid produced.

Mutations are mainly responsible for:

• Not all mutations are harmful
• Some mutations are silent, having no effect
• Development of lactose tolerance is an example for beneficial mutation

_______ is the most mutagenic among UV rays.

• UV B and UV C have mutagenic effects
• The UV C radiations are filtered by the atmosphere
• Transition mutation is caused by UV C

__________is the degree by which differences are seen in parents and their off-springs.

• No two individual is alike due to variation
• Variation is caused due to combination of paternal and maternal genes
• Environmental factors also can influence variation in some cases

Physical mutagens include:

• Mutation cause change in DNA sequence
• Not all mutations are harmful
• Some mutations are beneficial to survive, while some mutations may not produce any effect

Mutation occurs at the time of:

• Mutation can be due to genetic or environmental factors
• The cause of mutation is called mutagen
• The individual affected is called mutant
• Not all mutations are harmful

When a gene pair hides the effect of another gene, the phenomenon is called ____________.

• Genes are specific DNA sequence coding for a particular trait
• The phenotype of an individual is determined by the genotype
• The genotype is represented by the two alleles

Which of the following traits were not used by Mendel?

• Mendel used true breeding plants
• The parent generation were homozygous with contrasting characters
• The contrasting characters of the parents were dominant and recessive

The phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross is?

The F2 generation of will have :

• 9 yellow round
• 3 round green
• 3 yellow wrinkled
• 1 green wrinkled

After true-breeding, tall and dwarf plants were cross-fertilized, the F1 generation was self-fertilized. The resultant plants have genotype in the ratio

• The F1 generation will all exhibit the dominant trait for parents having contrasting homozygous genotype
• The F2 generation will have combination of genotype

How many pair of contrasting characters were studied by Mendel?

• Mendel used true breeding plants
• The parent generation were homozygous with contrasting characters

In the given diagram, all the f1 progeny is yellow because:

• F1 generation of parents with homozygous genes (one dominant and other recessive) will be all dominant
• F2 generation will have both dominant and recessive phenotypes with different genotypes

According to Mendel, what was responsible for the inheritance of specific traits?

• Inheritance is the transmission of genes down to future generations
• Laws of inheritance were proposed by Mendel
• Laws of inheritance include: Law of dominance, Law of segregation and Law of independent assortment
• The gene is the hereditary unit 
• The physical traits are due to the expression of genes

An organism with two identical alleles is

• Alleles determine the phenotype of an organism
• Alleles can be homozygous or heterozygous
• Recessive trait will be masked in heterozygous alleles

In the given diagram, which of the following accounts for the green pea seed in the f2 generation?

• F1 generation of parents with homozygous genes (one dominant and other recessive) will be all dominant
• F2 generation will have both dominant and recessive phenotypes with different genotypes