science
Grade-11
Easy

Question

Which disease or disorder causes people to have abnormal hemoglobin?

  1. Turner's syndrome
  2. Sickle cell anemia
  3. Cystic fibrosis
  4. Hemophilia

hintHint:

Disease that is caused due to reduced hemoglobin level.

The correct answer is: Sickle cell anemia


    Red blood cells posses a protein called hemoglobin which helps in exchange of gases. Reduced level of hemoglobin in blood causes anemia.
    Hemoglobin "S" is an abnormal type of hemoglobin causing the change in shape of the red blood cells. This type of hemoglobin alters the RBCs to become rigid and sickle shaped. The resulting RBCs posses lesser surface area with minimal potency of gaseous exchange.
    Hemophilia is a blood disorder caused due to deficiency of clotting factor and not hemoglobin.
    Cystic fibrosis affects the respiratory system alone and is not associated with hemoglobin or blood.
    Turner syndrome is a condition where a female posses only one X chromosome (sex chromosome).

    • Disorder or disease associated with hemoglobin causes anemia
    • In sickle cell anemia, the individual posses an altered "S" hemoglobin causing the RBCs to alter its shape
    • The RBCs with "S" hemoglobin become rigid and sickle shaped with inability to transport gases, resulting in anemia
    • Hemophilia is the disorder due to deficiency of clotting factors 
    • Cystic fibrosis affects respiratory system
    • Females possessing single X chromosome are termed with a medical condition called Turner syndrome

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