Physics-
General
Easy
Question
A ball of radius r and density r falls freely under gravity through a distance h before entering water. Velocity of ball does not change even on entering water. If viscosity of water is h, the value of h is given by
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The correct answer is: ![fraction numerator 2 over denominator 81 end fraction r to the power of 4 end exponent open parentheses fraction numerator rho minus 1 over denominator eta end fraction close parentheses to the power of 2 end exponent g](data:image/png;base64,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)
Velocity of ball when it strikes the water surface
…(i)
Terminal velocity of ball inside the water
…(ii)
Equating (i) and (ii) we get ![square root of 2 g h end root equals fraction numerator 2 over denominator 9 end fraction fraction numerator r to the power of 2 end exponent g over denominator eta end fraction left parenthesis rho minus 1 right parenthesis](data:image/png;base64,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)
Þ ![h equals fraction numerator 2 over denominator 81 end fraction r to the power of 4 end exponent open parentheses fraction numerator rho minus 1 over denominator eta end fraction close parentheses to the power of 2 end exponent g](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAJcAAAAqCAYAAAC+y8nSAAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAABGJhU0UAAAAbSkFbcgAABRBJREFUeNrtXG2EFVEYfq2srCtyJSuJJMlKJFlZ2T/J/siKfiRJlrWSfiSSJEkkSbL6k5WsRLKSJJIkSSTZH0kkSZIlyVrXWrb3cZ/L3tkzd2bu3Dlz5uPh4e50mzvnnWfO+3XOiJQosRyL5LzyjXJTaZISnUaX8rjyQ2mKEkmhVprAHvA0j2f4+m9yDGGwR/kqbzdwt/Kh8h99/0flYQeua4DXssIxe21Wnue1BQHXPk3htEIvY66NeRMXnpZDygr/3sqBHkrxmnqU35TbHbTXpHKUgXgY9HEslRZifUKBFQIb+MSlhUvKWxnI9KK4x0s+M9ZT5aoyuLSDNcq/ynUhv48Z4YZyRvlDedpBcfUy7FjjOQ5hbSmasPrpGtPAObqesCk83PoJxjeYAaaU9x0TFzDBWM17Di9zjZXKdwz008AnBvNhcEp5wXNsvXLBQXHBnp+LnPqvVj5S7k0xE5uJ8P3PvGZvhjYXIIogJiEu4HcR3aAwDYawbLUgDhtu0DHlvQhCfG04vkv53MGZSzi2Y0UTFp6m2ywB2EAfYzrvDbqrHAt5DpRK7hiOn6W7dFFcIxxjYbBW+UDsFSvhxt4yG/TeINR7hiKk9yOGzPG9pdS+HXHtY4ZYGDyxHAc8ZDZqukEzhnTdD1MsQXQza0TA/FKCq+FpiqsSMaZsC3M0iAuIG9hGwRnlkRY3KIpd/ki9drTAzxNip30Sx05dAclGbCBgnpZiIkjEYW9UN4WVRcwnefJhsVPky4rY2nE1Q3SLeRhzR3GB7qGqvM7aB6b1kzkRTGN8Ywyua/y7k+I6KtlditOOuJDFX2W8VmPcOm6y6wPeANRo9tMPr+N/6mkjLnKtbYDx/VReCxEDLdp8qjMqLmTxryikFeQpxprD3i9/YYZWMQSo1RwYD+M74KLLyKi40I+87GPnXm+2MGuYoYJaFkllg51gJ7OhxZTHkoRN4orrl2HSaeioCWhNvDCcoJ81mjhGdQG7AsZRzlzRxrhD/Ftcy+zs17LwO541xB1HKa5mILyYDGtntCxMjUtTKyOLiDuOUlzNQMJnKltNmuw8Jebemd/xrCHuOEpxNQM9UpSqGnsJtrMMgWx8WZsLGeFKw0n8jmcNccdRiss8e32XemUfdUOstZsRd9qHTeih+0K2gdraM/Ffrx5lG1UnsFAAccVt//SJwx2eCdZNUP5Aj+6K1Jc1i49vH7U4o8y5+kR2CFFLTlitgl1QjXrWTqmvg3N2NWvNUDMJeppsiQuxxOoci6sq0ZbcVJZ4GYjyKWcuZzErzd0BiOuHI+JC52Jfwr8BV/+Nn9dyJscKC2xnO57wbw9JzhcL4klY2iRHAfeaI+JC7cbGGnMkHgMUc/8SodUSdsujko96pi+20Q2CaIj+kuCtXLbEdUTC71mMA7imx4w5bWbt9yXHGzSwTf8eA8SGYdFi+ErRpS0uuKzfCf9GlyE0aATbsxZEndutZVM+IhqU4N6mLUwvcVVJwK//GdTfjQvYONebYmtt/ptNcZ1mkJ0U0urvwt2fzbO4sFXetOl1K2MvF8RVlWgvImknoRmJcLwTWE+XW82zuA5QYIOMPbr4GTHXmCPiArBSN6llzH79z0eSXH8XG44vSgFwUOovdp2nK0TGONxCVGmsG+sJkWTEKUPY7O+i2dzq5W8lUgA2udp6bWU3XXES50WCMlDeTveAoqONNwwmtVVtXMK/+6JETnGUAX0m8R8dVphrE6o9hAAAASt0RVh0TWF0aE1MADxtYXRoIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk4L01hdGgvTWF0aE1MIj48bWk+aDwvbWk+PG1vPj08L21vPjxtZnJhYz48bW4+MjwvbW4+PG1uPjgxPC9tbj48L21mcmFjPjxtc3VwPjxtaT5yPC9taT48bW4+NDwvbW4+PC9tc3VwPjxtc3VwPjxtZmVuY2VkIHNlcGFyYXRvcnM9InwiPjxtZnJhYz48bXJvdz48bWk+JiN4M0MxOzwvbWk+PG1vPi08L21vPjxtbj4xPC9tbj48L21yb3c+PG1pPiYjeDNCNzs8L21pPjwvbWZyYWM+PC9tZmVuY2VkPjxtbj4yPC9tbj48L21zdXA+PG1pPmc8L21pPjwvbWF0aD4PAEyTAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
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Physics-
In the following fig. is shown the flow of liquid through a horizontal pipe. Three tubes A, B and C are connected to the pipe. The radii of the tubes A, B and C at the junction are respectively 2 cm, 1 cm and 2 cm. It can be said that the
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
In the following fig. is shown the flow of liquid through a horizontal pipe. Three tubes A, B and C are connected to the pipe. The radii of the tubes A, B and C at the junction are respectively 2 cm, 1 cm and 2 cm. It can be said that the
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
An incompressible liquid flows through a horizontal tube as shown in the following fig. Then the velocity v of the fluid is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
An incompressible liquid flows through a horizontal tube as shown in the following fig. Then the velocity v of the fluid is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
A candle of diameter d is floating on a liquid in a cylindrical container of diameter D (D>>d) as shown in figure. If it is burning at the rate of 2cm/hour then the top of the candle will
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A candle of diameter d is floating on a liquid in a cylindrical container of diameter D (D>>d) as shown in figure. If it is burning at the rate of 2cm/hour then the top of the candle will
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAGAAAACHCAYAAADp2VwCAAAPh0lEQVR4nO2dX2wT157HP2dm/Cdx7CSklJI0gcKltxR2RasWFSoKrUTvfajEaqnoAw/QSqFqXtoqVVkkJERfKiGlhT7w0Oyq8EShRGr3dil/tECXtkgItbASElquuW5Ms5Q/iXH++P+cfbBnGCchxHZi+9z1RxrFY4/HZ853zjm/P2dOhJRSUqNiaJUuwP93agJUGKPSBSiG4dEx/vPMOa78989s+Kd/ZvnTf6x0kYpGyRZgmpJbd24xNBQhFk9UujgloaQA0pT8fvMmg4N3GB4eIZPJVLpIRaOkAHcHI0Tu3mVoaIjRsRixeLLSRSoaJQUYHIowHL1HIh4nGrkHqGtJKylALJFgdGyMVCrJ6NgIpmlWukhFo6QAwyMjJBIJfL56EskkKruSypmhyWSK0ZFh3G6Dp/74j2hCkM6kK12solGuBSSSSWKxOI/MaeGZFSuQJvx+626li1U0yglgSkl0OMq8eY/S3t6OZmik0rUWUDYypmRkeJR58+bh8Xhx6Trpmh9QPkzTJBYbo6GhAQEIAVLWBCgbv9+6w9joKL4GH1JKDJeBzKhrBiknQDKVQkgTj8sNQmAYBplMzQ8oG+lUGl+9F2+dFyklXo+XdM0RKx+JRAqXx4Xb7ckK4PXUgnHlJBaPYxgGLsOFlCYerwdp1saAshGLj+H1eNB1HRC4XQaZmhVUPlKpFA1+f67kEkN3oXIwSCkB4skkmq7hq6/PdTsCXddQeWKHUgIkEklcLhd13qwFJKVECNCEpqw3rJQA0jQxMwKv14OUOdNTAlIqmxNQSwApkUJguNwIRO5dE83QSSZTFS1bsSgmgCCTkbgMFwjsbkhKqawpqpQACBgbieP3N2AYOgAeT9YRU3UgVksAQEoTM2cBaZqG1+slnc4gFU3MKyWAQGDoYOZEELlgXCqZqLWAcmEYGrrIDsCmKYlGo6RSKUXvf8UEEALcukY6ncr5AIJ4PEEikVDWG1ZMgGxxH2lpQTd0EBIpM2TMDNhmqVooNS2lMeDD5fEw8L83iQwN4WvwkU6lME1AqwlQFjweD6HQX7l27X9oa2snmYrT2DIfTdQEKAsNfj+//naLS5cv0d8fpsEfYP2fl+JxKXcpgGJjAMD8x+ah1zUT7r9BKBSiZe7jPP54O16vt9JFKwrlbpsmfx2L//AU81o7qHPrPPX0chZ2tFa6WEWjnACmlAT8dSxatIS6OoP58x/FbSjXkG2UKblpmtwZjBAKDxAbvsuyp5fw9NKlmKk4weDfCF7/G3fuDJIpICz9yiuvoGnapNtjjz3G/v37Z/GKsghVnhO+9tcQwyPDRCJDpFMJXC4DDYHQNNxuD5qm42towO12s+QPiwo+fyQS4ZlnnuHMmTMsXLhwFq5gcpRoAb/fusvtWzcZiQ4S8Nfjb2igubGJuvp6DMOFxMTtNmhq9BOJ3GNwMFLwb+zdu5dQKMSBAwdm4QoeTNULIKWk/0aYZDKOx+PlkZZH8Pl8zGlpwev14vV60ES226ivr2fOnGZi8XhBvxGJRDh48CAA+/btIxQKzcalTEr1CwCk0ya6riOEwOVy4ff7mT9/Ph0dHfj9fjweDx6PByFyebICe9UDBw7w6aefAnDmzJmytgIlrCChZUPRpmly+/ZtNE0jHA4DMGfOHPu44eFh4ol4wT7BihUrWLdunf26qamJUChUlrFACQE0oduxtnQ6jd/vR4isIJFIBNM0GR0dJZVKYZomosCwhFX5FrVBeByals1+CSHQdZ10Ok0ikcDlcpFMJkmlsgn54eFh+7UqKCEAGrZ9bt35AIlEglQqZeeErS2dVkcEJQTQRLYFuFwuIGsZZTIZ0uk0MjcnKJ17TiweT3B3aGhGUpR79uzJDuxC0NXVVfL5JmNSAfbt20djYyN+v5/6+no8ucmwTzzxxKwU4mEIoWHmMmC6rqNpWu5Oz1a6lBJN03LHghBiRlKUH374Ie+88w6HDh2a0iu+efMmLS0tk26fffbZlL8x6SD87rvv8uabb6Lrur199dVXfPvtt6VdURFknwPTHFMRhb1Zd//4QXcmnfuTJ0/ywQcfTHlM9qFxH5cvX57wWXNz85TffaAVFAgE8vatO6zcSLDtetM0Mc2sT2BVsuUfWN1SoRbQVFy/fh2ARYseHtrQNO2hlT3p9wr+RpkRQtDg82HoBplMxr4RrAEZ7ndBHo8HwzBmLDt84cIFXn311Rk62+RUvwBAQ309LpcrW7m57icQCNh3vdU9GYaBy+XKazWl0N/fP+s+QdULANkcAAjbBJVSEolE7DEBsi3FagUz1Q2dPn2a1atX2/tdXV0zbg0p4QlnK1Tar/Mm5ea6H+fgnD2+NBEsEU+cOJH3fjAYLOm841FCgCz3BXAOts673e124/P5uDsYKXmaULnSJEp0QdnKFHZlOzNXVkVZf4UQaLqmzEw5JQSwepTxd6XV3VhdkDUmaEKvTEGLQAkBLCw/YDwThSlXiUpHCQGcFey0/a2/1mvLR1DpeTElBmFhSjQhEPr9ft/Z5ThDEzPpiJUDJVqApmsIoaHrBm63m+bm5tyT8owzPbHXkChkCD579mze/tdffz1TRX8oSrQAiSBjZkglk46Y//1QtJUrrqurIxYby1pNBSjgnA2xd+9empqaZudCJkEJAciFmLOrZcWy4QaHI2Z9lkwm7ZkShdjxW7dutUPtBw8e5MyZM7N1JRNQogvKDbt2N5NMTr5UsaZpGIaBr95XsCO1a9cuALZs2VLWFqCEABa6rlNXV2cPuBbO1gCyKC9269atrFu3jq1bt85giR9OQV3QxYsXK5IX+K9zPxLw+/JiPlZQzokQgkQiyb//5S/s+JftDA4OFvxbzmkuheB2u4v6XkECRKNRvvzyS9asWVPUjxXL6Fic0ZHhCfb9eF/ANE3GxsZYu3Ytly5dRtenf7NEo1HWr1/P0aNHaW9vL6h8N27cYOXKlQV9x0KJLiiblhR5A+74VGSes0bh3nBvby/hcJgjR47MTKGniRICILCfhB8ffIP8iKgQAlOaBS1fE41G7Yq3hCgXagiQw+pmnIkY630nmYxJqoClLA8fPszu3bsB6OvrK2srUMIPEFnjBilNOwHjHISd8SCbAiyh5cuXs2rVKgCWLVtGIBAgHA4XPBYUgxICSLJ9umneD7o5l6p0JmdEdi3jgkxRq/ItylHxFsp0Qdadb8f8c+awMxHjRJSYj9m/fz+tra20trayY8eO0k42BUq0gCz354SOr3RnNDRLcc6Yk66uLsLhMC+88AIbNmwo6VxToUwLsLBEcM4LAnC5XMTjcTtONBN8//33rFixYkbO9SCUEsCygqzN2RJM08TtdufmCZWeVP/1118BWLBgQcnlngqFuqAsDzJBTdPMraSesXPIpXDp0iXWrl1b2kmmgSItIGeHkq1o5xpxzr7fGaootQX89ttvZbGGlBDAqkpnPtjqjpzv26/HRUuL4YcffuC5556z93fs2DEr1pASXZBwhCGcg6/lkOXPjoZEPEGdr/ipKa2t2bUnxqcqz58/X/Q5H4QSAkjum5vO6YjWe/ZxUpLJZLsoSpgYMTAwUFJ5C0GJLmiysIJzKorTKRufrKl21BDAuskdA6/1uJJzLHB+pso6omoIcH8UtmdEOONBztkRuTG4ICs0Go1OuT+bKCGAZdlYWE9IOpkyMvoQDh8+bFd6NBrl+PHjJZZ4+ighAEy8o51ZsfzgXDZqWsj0xDfeeIONGzcC8N5779WiodPBaXqapommaaRSKTweD5omCsqIBQIBli1bZu+PD0/PJkoI4JwNYe07n5wH8p4hFkLgzj3UPV0++ugjADo7O2e28A9BCQG8Xg+pVAq32213N87AHNx3ykZGRnC73fbc0ano6emhra2NtrY2li5dihCC119/3X7v5Zdfnu1LU8QRk5JAIMDYWAxdy2TnimZMrNlyGdMkNTqKx+1FSoGUgvr6uoeet7u7m+7u7tm/gClQQgAhBD6fD5/Px/DwCAjBjz/+yO3bt1mwYAH/sHw5JqBrGrqm0dQUmNEHtmeTqu+Cenp68vb9/gb8DT7+/KdX+e7YfzA0eJfm5iZampv4t3/txe9vUKbyQQEBPvnkkwd+FgqF8jJWUx1brVSVAFeuXLFnKT8IK1FuRSynylhFo1F6e3tnJYo5U1SVAMuWLWPTpk20trZOKsTq1avZuXMnAwMD7Ny584EZq2g0Sk9PD+vXr6e9vb2sdn2hVHQQ7unpmdDHW/T29nL48GF7/8KFCwD2UgHWjIXxRKNRVq5caYcW3nrrrQnHVIP1Y1HRFtDd3c3AwEDedurUKdrb2+nu7ubUqVP2sRcvXsy74x80YyEQCHD16lV2795NIBDg1KlTE36jWiofqqwLCofD/PTTTxw9epTu7u68mExbW5s9U2H//v2EQqEp+//Ozk6uXr3KlStXuHLlyqyXvViqSoDGxkY6OzsnDYZt2LCBs2fP0traas9ebm1ttUV5EJs2bcqL81QbVeWIjV+lC+DJJ5+0XztThR9//PGUx6pCVbWAySjkicVyPt04U1S9AH/v1ASoMDUBKkxNgApTE6DC1ASoMFXlB0xGLBab9rF1dQ/PglUbtRZQYZQR4PPPP2fx4sV5WzmS5rONMgJs27aNzZs3s337doLBIMFgkIULFyovgjICAJw7d45nn33W3v/iiy/o7+/n4sWLFSxVaSgjQDgcpr+/P++pFYCOjo4KlWhmKFqAcudbL1++PKGyLVHmzZtXljJYnD9/fsbWkyhYgNHR0YrkWwcGBiasU/Tdd9+xefPmsk6mhezc0Xv37rF+/frShZDT5P3335dz586VXq/XemSxLFswGJTBYFC+9NJLct++ffb+5s2bZUdHh70fDAbLWi7n9uKLL8oCqjKPaf831W+++Ya3336bPXv2EAqF6Onpoa+vb9azTbFYjMWLF094f/v27Wzbti3vvXI6Yr29vRw5coRNmzZx4sQJbt68WdTS9tP2hNvb20kmk1y7do2uri46Ozvt5jfbIsz0mv2lcvz4cRobG+nr6+Pnn39m165d9PX1FXWugv6f8JIlS7h16xbHjh2b1j+2mQmqORTxyy+/sHHjRlatWsXp06eLOkdBAly/fp3nn38egNdee401a9awcuVK5s6dW9SPT4dqFODcuXMcOnSIY8eOsXbtWk6ePFn8yQodNK5fvy63bNkiH330UanresUGvkpuhmHI+fPnyz179hQ18BY1CNeYHZTxhP9eqQlQYWoCVJiaABWmJkCFqQlQYWoCVJiaABWmJkCFqQlQYWoCVJj/AzFZNg3VtBHoAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC)
Physics-General
Chemistry-
In Haber s process, (he ammonia is manufactured according to the following reaction:
The pressure inside the chamber is maintained at 200 atm and temperature at 500°C Generally, this reaction is carried out in presence of Fe catalyst The preparation of ammonia by Haber's process is an exothennic reaction. If the preparation follows the following temperature pressure relationship. for its % yield. Then for temperature T1, T2 and T3 the correct option is: 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HB73q8arY38ZDoicPCt2DYW1Wp8a9pDnpxIHSmfGF8fWy79uWzZXZDl4/DMOEjw6eYOik1z36ZmB+212L5LF2t9RWiXQNeVXaIHePkeZZZfCXbDfeLw9kioRYbr6Ey+yFSzEVbr7SbWiMwhy9cDURBd9+XPcbWUsc+AdCXgAus4OVP5MuGqXwZvPl9uiRZjmytXxH30KHzJbvY0lMfQ03ny96ny0D8+qFbS9X/NNAgDzumJk780tP1EY5Xf3tKAh4E21Gtu7JqBBzKu356Aulkvgw8iZsp4qxPgCv/leoXCQMrnrlWeDmix8kvVBPrO0DXbT9Vqvb68p3pUgRoTBrIYXa+LzcLVcz24bT4RMYmyhfbZN30JGqW77cqq3CxPIvDi5u5lbjRoMlhgOowpE997US+QNeNHmxQRcfpsHnfdVEg/POzu64CBhrM/uMuSm/Xdu99TOMLUeMtW69d4EzgNzTxBCzjbIdzwEp8+opm8hrxJPuVXHdjtl5zzRMOV7v5LSAMfG7hOJU+z1r+nMIXgmxJR7sCV4n6T6oiJ4LlhwLBf/v7j/I1bwoXRDP7brp6TPBXMTSOd3SFcMHMfmDGhomGFUqSQxRC+uLLMQ8c9qvxpWc2MkK86zC+Fjc+O7BfSz6sOE7gS4c+j4x9kg8wLnevA9/PsA5fSzahZeoqt2RiFl0ooRSmPQ07rkPUp7tq71m0ONOpwOcwWXm8LiVFmhpjmMNTH32ojyaNjj2ch+iHsqwPIYomyRUW4EQxZ6ckKUwy6ATMYaXDJZPu+xdyngF/aTmuv+tdcB6YUwRhpI0BE2pAD+fVZWIa0I/4SrEfixq1755NnxhFFSfL3F58OU5ycAVOCAI7pYIJrHC2nLMKP/HoltPei3zZPG+/QWOZcc3lGO40caErRofdAHosXOEMoeGnPZSv2F13C65NSxbYWYQgU0xt8kwvJEcDJInSk6F4JAf0MCOToz6siPy6BNdy5NqlOc0bAQxYGXEJ31f5S74Qtez6COMIB4B08nQf8GVSGZmUEOF6vVQIZ86MVSsJKKRpYBoKrFMBQ7DrNPAYBI/D4E1AvhpPdpYrCP+L9SD1WF8YF2MD7IGFCrLhqOxKceTrxldKiBcu6eKKGoRrxte6BoiCTEGimDAO80SLxKTVCOsOvXxI0CVYqSAHN4r9nwGNfYT9qpupmAJRA1+1v8ktj812w6UjyOEElmv2KTWIobKyLYck9omphUqwVPrZ9zyBWoyvZGOCnxL/Jcln+ud7WkaFSBnmbPxDjIb7e0EXvYin+55Jci+T5cSOc0xyzKmgl7MAV4RdKuynNmoVBp+gj1W+hC/IyujyLoGw8XKhSUpon3FRRQOZS5E7ChWGvOf2BHiA9NR3a39PAbkIMKw4WVgu8JWC8GX7cPPicrHxfM5LkjBnzwTQrjOvkOm1kCsYKtipGTHbLDzxtkmS9y6QuBMYXMwuas/oRhfZFsVyr7BxMMvrvBU1F4j6fSbe5C/GHMymgj0VkCPfm8h6CjqOKRi9HGUzzDcGX2+Vq+0aZC+6cTDl8szlhT9yyJ0Y84KuIfmqtOxMWIW1WllPvnoKoONQrnWBmt6rxYOuJWW25emM4EIbERj1h0lDaNhDvmixmK8qclWl6uFrPglcTJ6EYXqXr+n1V1ASP0qtTj3zm/rI5bNTVwKhLALco9iOv+oIhOOSr8p9eDEGrkquGuAxWFzDiIvp2exrBPu9wg5bZNa91Uag4difaqPy0y09VJ9Z4/TXC1T/EbXfgmyGqSEIGLWnhsLSNXMEJvanNSL0xCaW7UkKBZwG+gxMlFsrWwDsBdMxWcE7VQFuyRfHxpNInyHQpKmuxP0smSfHfNWXI8y3wygnfuDkL3pjfDyPGyUH8/G0M70s2HeRrLf5V4sCRtaJLZ8oXdDH8e3ZVD7JUWVixOOSY+ihDIZwizn/0u5dMzjulQKNdG6yPqrR5mo09gcDyLXaR1vYQbJED1eaCT2O5INzdQf3MrWME3yNPDF2R2tF6bpfnVAtPI1W+R2yABPgH0kDNIS2U+VrZPs/o8PR9TJQzfvZnZI9MQy1IKHd9xNgc1Dr6oLPtHiFmjfClzsJhBRs16kfdgEEPD+SCT0CKUieV5Sor6e+jDpOEiLm7m9vXoeoSDKhf8lonYKpKjPT+3S8YoOzXo1zxApto9sx1NzeLvyW1TrD7NrepC75NbHbe6pJGuPU40uYtqPXL2WrLgDOlbXDhlT2rhfr9m4pI2IvdkmiaP2f6IIIXcgXEwmbSMELu6GMNFvDLh/Wov4/SJf2C75Em4aAazI6KwQjz6nlNoH2PwP08eysxZeQo+Ty6CKjUZ6u6a+UJLwATg4LO5CQPU0X9p4mqwaUKY6mFFK2xG6NMPm3QF+JOcSGbodko5Ao2K/6cAWX/0W8TOx3bCNwBgQ+la0Lm/cnwVSUkNnbWXu22amOKiTtdIDbixfpuvYkEPh0dE7/vCYSOmRn4QV4DQcLcdM+Y+rUn9i7qhgkr+gyUjDLwrN2xx+HZusTNjdR4CyxnQ4JObdfnPYCHVxnvEwplCy8BZJyfgbwHPDbwvgUypApslqW7Mk8ILud0Emg43VOF2wfSwKezZv4RUhGcWReoaxvGy9TXLBf7NdRvXQE1xQvZtufZ7Uys3fIX08bn42pszTj4ERVF40Rvv75Kl/Rx+hq9hQiIbqq8CTO86GNKhCuH1RFqf1vx0/AMtEKNqy0fCYuUSZJUVOyTg/rxfBHguwjN0nqXRZKvvwsuFj1dBBiVKgNhJNkmpgieZYn/pf2kl5yvpJmRBW7n5yEYJrtjL21LwCa4JVDodnzPoGWOj4e7L2xktmbfHcqXawCfT4/7tvQbmqd8TUs9wSKDt6mYrtHaRQm8tXIqa792Vw0hYszXE9/5rdxSHt4ApzMKqUEl2C/Q2gLiumQ+WQzBkwT8ftAF4VrpBPP/wOsu2XpDRhH4I1juVfv5ctItpftjkkl0qX9xTzoP4eDvU8BToQOu702ypRgN3nd9/8CyJf85bRq1K4f2kI2i9L6j+w1/VvYy5cs0cauTd2L5Xohyf7vQrftUllVBc+r0SXD4ma5RpBqb0yEjF7B4ouwGTZ++X8tk02G9iTGWIRCtiWZaN8t0tP+T6J2TuY8oSsSB9WShKejiL8O7VlWqrvO10QJOF3Qxf/FhPNToHwZOhNFsu1ThC4+yI37XwP2i7H30IGxRNN1Jx1nQ5Mv2+0GzuUoZhJuTtc9aM9udMNu10fNdnubLt4HOx2qstsNwcLSb7r4CNpFOBC7XVGIHcfacmw4Q/IRQ+Ku8xwYt/D6IVhsNEAbxUldxnb9aRlNLkMbWSYMu9/uGwWCpklEmKn7JU1eG3xpDXFpIBLC4Ijh8W5FAnDsPX0flwlltwBep73fukrcwBfpelx8duiI8QApTow99Wkmwm3ouKqVz8rXo/IgQMU75s0cs1aSm8aXUdPM5XINOBYB+eIGju3mbUC+bl9nYw8kmanypabJjQRs60FiVbYUddcfrueOAKcn7Trbs/jK4y+g1Tnjl+hje9Vt4BkW78eDk5/6DudvrdhUACYMj8/5X1+8PChfbF0qG1ngp/4aQW1a127UA/5q90QmrfAnMtVz/B1OgU8JeL+xzzq8tfyK/FzZYUN++Hf/59Z//Jso4k+A/kTdJYW/8F+Or1D7ubGN7v6v/MfNepBD4DaK+Dv++ku0Z8lLT95Sbu1/1Tu6nj89Ow20o/rrNoa+pSy/Bey+zO53DxHlx0KSroGH9++i5Bn1+C4On8qac9kESN7qNii8FLom0pTNs38C6UJXtlmDPappw29YqWqrjqCVY4u1yS7zhg0bNmw4ohVIJouhSZxSHcdqeDXGLbk3YZir5haR39XzEAg4iROMxZDGh/nGLSfhAqomIfON5Q3ZvGVSSPBFsHsRE+sS+1LLpkasEb/qzsMSG/heFgcOfphEAhae5mXLXGPpo+ENmUxbD+iQjjYQVnXDxQg/TIqepDj9fY7oIjDKBknZsTm7GLpoUskllsumYRr3SJOj5LqCUADxqGJX3n1X1Aaj8WrHrQFVyB5MeY334xtfd0/RZegVWx6wi2DRRuHZnlsytsdXCc2yDnBjXB+4d2TRKnfK2LoZ9RG276xmEy1ymmyXFbtOa117JB5gHBji4rBswAUJypb92iB1V5lmXOMDXzrz/cCpbIQK4b0mdk1IlC/RGm7DAEKiKqSvKukRmu3GWAAHicKzS3DWkwJ3vj5nHBfT2SnXsXKXF8D1Hvfj/S7kxvrCwlWdqZQa7+qkD4m/rAJbF+Aq45y4WzctVsLlhZkmM+fbGZikcBMPh9qTnh0BZcP9umn1ETolkA4h81IGF/tQBu6nqMNFlyiqKST5nwr14Wzrds5Pbxf+MYjm1Dx2XOPgJPaHAp3xALDYBqZLTDMFrVACtb9qz2PzMHg8l6+34IvydcVXinh5gT6qQsHT0HLPKwS+Hrbr/zJih2/MVXCefQ6IZUmIqMkp2F8hWCX1FBjzMEhWvq62UwFVfcBYt+dL5EvlM74M29krGD+jMvmCBmMQ4fuVH5AvDHbacdsCbu7tecEpQOd8JSfOA68/DJaVZvXC8Jl8GdbBcWzkBpW4bftmv+wFX67vYL+GYHFhRL6yFcv1A/Il9oslNDz7YmG5aO8vZkxg5aSPGC24PMxGZOBL+bNxITm5CSNUZLMsvKv054Sbcaa2LKgobHDR+KIr5riavHZ7D8CTwDly2Id4ObgIGVqy70a6B4Z96SkH/cFpJWgv1A4UgLhTXmnFQSeGWe6HgLcJig6Dvto9yKSkLRPS8HGKcu1TJMP44PMnrg/VJdCyyYi0YuOGIxdN6aA/Q+F2G1ZTZTEAwl8tsHW1RvwAiF8HTaWbChPHvflZwYo7xvJc4LzBXxUTQDcVwu35irMPXiFULTCCvCAawdlD2brLvVRw0j1bDkCk4Gp00vkENg4H57ziXdgYha8GEV1dZ4HPMTofamRErBEUx2QorURQK8e+8XFqRaUw2tfbC8CvVbibcbEc8mGjEB5f8MDNA1sXOrazbu93Yz+FerdhNasc8ANWT9eGDRs2bNiwYcOGDasGQ19gWrLpPdzPajD3HvwlJC6QSeOdFxlTJ4tr13vu6V/szzMGXdhMG4ydzVDNh5IpxwqTjvmbDdavfuZhGrQP3mrluqz+GeYP4WybelJVecA7Wm4RbrSjxMWSk5zxOhWGu/g4twHlkxjM17tYx3RB4W+iTslzCl1Lbp3mHh2ZrRaSKzLTxW1puKRdW3drp4xyYMdQk/ctGUxqszMleGV02Q0hch9fvI4TZbgUWlY2fh+qlIgTZd9DrjGXyK6kIILLrV0IGSfsQ8nZpdogMeaYvKz1R9q91l2e033gO3LJuygVhj440F1y533ohHVudiDPvQ+KYztcJXD5nU7Qx6A5jRoi15i1z5FTqVq74rhobT34YuY3H0lh10VlQQBnkuXsTOTUoQVX2vdeswkUt461MfeyJsBF3nvbEhwB06euRosVQRfu6CX9bROMmNWgh/tusl4y26QiqYSeKmgiKJEVIu4yyXbKzByoUoNbkKFkbUp+KIlZBez+l1LpvDGySS+IPmGhsiyH51AQ3sKmpiulTIGvUrys1/KUuJV6jFAlCEjwPoIy3GAyk8hXEvmirWNqSWQPap4YXkqdUxEv7euWnVxLhFnjwloEX3jfNivNmVfYyfaL+5XXI/7mwMPyHZiBlfJFjeNOxTjEyTnY5a7zUEJohebue1wu4s5yAQRUvlzyOH8cZG4RXVeS5G5yXyz0kRkpmlQZHbigGLlKxk668okpeuY7c/3EMeGZWc/MqueBY/UhCVttQxGunbVDrlYbahBHNm48q1QMQ1E4kv4oHOEoNRAt8EVuYOMqCbKSxlVKmDTIkc0BwwOo5ko/1yHP5EtS02t+umIK+xG4WSBfA0R30uDwBWB83PMFI+RqAh2EzkcInoI1CTiGUwALj2diUOyhjzVzCzdhyuW8mKoC05U97T3MHbjCeAD5KpQvyb3xY4tq18ArMESslCyADVD2h47GCOaKfoJNFo4AjmLMstNxShgAcsbIJ/IlKYe4v54aM3qY59UF7pDiFMZGuBZs/c39v3kdcDQpIuIIs1JVFBh1aEeOQ1h9mCvYEXxnelMFvHHtdZ9dwj3HtbFiXOCyg+t2buDQimcr5T2JOy9a7v0hVWrwcZMKV+3jR4GgoB2tFscvWI8YyNSDOg5wa1w5V5icU9dIwp0G48ScS4SEp9QgiPe3Z3AAPb7yz6Od6glZl4AyH+LtEdhD6LRBYLS7y9ddNv+PMHf3kk53H91wAVi0drRhw4YNG07w799/U/goxe4dcFMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
In Haber s process, (he ammonia is manufactured according to the following reaction:
The pressure inside the chamber is maintained at 200 atm and temperature at 500°C Generally, this reaction is carried out in presence of Fe catalyst The preparation of ammonia by Haber's process is an exothennic reaction. If the preparation follows the following temperature pressure relationship. for its % yield. Then for temperature T1, T2 and T3 the correct option is: 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)
Chemistry-General
Chemistry-
Using above equations, Write down expression for K of the following reaction:![N subscript 2 end subscript O subscript 4 end subscript left parenthesis g right parenthesis rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon N subscript 2 end subscript left parenthesis g right parenthesis plus fraction numerator 1 over denominator 2 end fraction O subscript 2 end subscript left parenthesis g right parenthesis](data:image/png;base64,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)
Using above equations, Write down expression for K of the following reaction:![N subscript 2 end subscript O subscript 4 end subscript left parenthesis g right parenthesis rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon N subscript 2 end subscript left parenthesis g right parenthesis plus fraction numerator 1 over denominator 2 end fraction O subscript 2 end subscript left parenthesis g right parenthesis](data:image/png;base64,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)
Chemistry-General
Physics-
P-V diagram of an ideal gas is as shown in figure. Work done by the gas in process ABCD is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
P-V diagram of an ideal gas is as shown in figure. Work done by the gas in process ABCD is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
An ideal monoatomic gas is taken round the cycle ABCDA shown in the PV diagram in the given fig. The work done during the cycle is
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)
An ideal monoatomic gas is taken round the cycle ABCDA shown in the PV diagram in the given fig. The work done during the cycle is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
The P-V diagram of 2 gm of helium gas for a certain process
is shown in the figure. what is the heat given to the gas during the process ![A rightwards arrow B](data:image/png;base64,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)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
The P-V diagram of 2 gm of helium gas for a certain process
is shown in the figure. what is the heat given to the gas during the process ![A rightwards arrow B](data:image/png;base64,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)
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
In the following P-V diagram two adiabatic cut two isothermals at temperatures T1 and T2 (fig.). The value of
will be
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
In the following P-V diagram two adiabatic cut two isothermals at temperatures T1 and T2 (fig.). The value of
will be
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
A sample of an ideal gas is taken through a cycle a shown in figure. It absorbs 50J of energy during the process AB, no heat during BC, rejects 70J during CA. 40J of work is done on the gas during BC. Internal energy of gas at A is 1500J, the internal energy at C would be
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
A sample of an ideal gas is taken through a cycle a shown in figure. It absorbs 50J of energy during the process AB, no heat during BC, rejects 70J during CA. 40J of work is done on the gas during BC. Internal energy of gas at A is 1500J, the internal energy at C would be
![](data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAH8AAABqCAYAAACVpo47AAALb0lEQVR4nO3df0zU9QPH8Scc8lsQmAjhOVLD/EEGSERgDDdyBjEkU3BL3KhFJKMRzTUUm1Rb2rS1Rkudg2ZiC8KfsQaU6DBQRMNoMH4cp8hGdFzEz+OO+3z/+H7HN3/DecfnuM/nsTmB+/F+wWvvz33ufZ+7j50gCAIySbIXO4BMPHL5EiaXL2Fy+RImly9hcvkSJpcvYXL5EiaXL2Eml9/d3W3OHDIRmFS+RqNhw4YN3Lp1y9x5ZDNo2uUbjUb2799Pe3s7JSUlTExMWCKXVRoeHqa9vX3yX2dnJ1qtVuxYJnOY7g26urq4ceMGBoOB69ev097ezrJlyyyRzepcu3aNtLQ0HBwc8PPzQ6vVsnHjRvLy8nB0dBQ73rRNe+Y3NTXx4Ycf4u7uzq5du7h58yY6nc4S2axOdHQ0SUlJfPTRR5SXl5OUlMTQ0BAjIyNiRzPJtGd+WFgYCxcuxN7enmXLluHv7y+pTf+5c+cYHx+no6MDLy8vEhMTmTdvntixTDLt8pVK5eTXCoUCLy8vswayZmq1GoVCQVBQEBMTE+j1evR6vdixTHZH+VVVVRw6dAiDwQCAh4cHmzZtIiEhQZRw1qalpYWIiAiysrLo6elh79696HQ6IiMjxY5mkjse81evXo1SqeT5558nNzeXxYsXU1RURGdnp1j5rMqVK1eIiooC4Pbt21y9epXAwECRU5nujpk/f/58uru7SU5OJjIykv7+fhoaGlAoFGLlsxrp6emUlZVhZ2fH7t278fLyIiMjg02bNokdzWR2/z6GTxAEPDw8+Pvvv+np6SE/P5/Q0FCysrLuuaGPjw8ajWZGw8rM646Z39DQgIuLC0uWLGHevHnk5OSwbds2sbLJLOyO8lUqFW+88QaffPKJWHlmhf7+fnp6eli1apXYUR7L5A7f5cuXKS8vZ2hoSN6cP8TExARfffUVmZmZYkd5bJPld3R0oFQqmTNnDkNDQ2Jmsmo//fQT1dXV2NnZiR3l8Qkm8vb2NvWms1ZdXZ2QmJgofPvtt8KLL74odpzHJh/MMUUqlYo9e/bw2muvzdpFnbvJ5U+BTqfj4MGDhIeH8+qrr4odx2zk8qeguLiYiYkJ3nnnHVxcXMSOYzZy+Y9QXV1NTU0NWVlZ+Pn5iR3HrKb9qp5UCIJAS0sLxcXFvPzyyyxevFjsSGYnz/wH6O/vp6ysjKeeeoqXXnppVh6p8yhy+fcxOjpKZWUlQ0NDbNmyhfnz54sdySLk8u+i1+u5cOECFy9eJD4+nqCgILEjWYxc/l0uX77MsWPHiIqKIiIiQuw4FiWX/y/Nzc0UFBQQHR1NYmKiTT7O/5tc/v+oVCoyMzNZv349W7duxd3dXexIFic/1QP+/PNPsrOziY+P56233sLV1VXsSDNC8uWPjIywc+dOQkNDee+99yR1yJqkN/s6nY59+/bh6+srueJBwjN/cHCQb775hpGREd59913mzp0rdqQZJ8mZPzg4yA8//IBarSY9PZ0nnnhC7EiikFz5w8PD/PjjjzQ1NZGSkiKZN5nej6TK1+l0nDlzhtraWl555RVWr14tdiRRSeoxv6SkhLq6OlJTU4mMjJTcDt7dJFP+l19+SUNDA9nZ2QQHB+Pg8Hi/umADn1dts5t9nU43+YbTzz77jJqaGgoKCnj22Wcfq3hBEGhqakKj0dDQ0GCuuKKw2Znf3NyMj48Px44d448//qC4uNgsK3dGo5EDBw5w69YtTp8+zZo1a8yQVhw2OfN7e3s5f/48KSkp1NfX88UXX5htyfb06dMsX76cOXPmAMzqN7jYXPlGo5HffvuN4uJimpubSUtLM+uOnaenJ9u3b+fpp58mJSUFtVpttvueaTa12TcajajVak6dOoVerycyMpKmpia8vb2JjY01yxjr1q1DpVLh4ODAihUrzHKfYrGZ8o1GI21tbZw4cQKj0cjnn39OeHg4np6e2Nvb3AbOLGym/MbGRo4cOYKfnx/vv/++TR5ta242Uf758+cpLCwkLCyM119/XbJr9dM168svKyujqKiIlJQU4uPjZ+3Hoolh1pY/MTHBoUOHqKmpIT8/n2eeeQYnJyexY80qs7L8vr4+Dhw4QF9fH/v27UOpVNrG++Vn2KzaDRYEgba2NnJychgYGKCgoIBFixbJxZto1sx8vV5PY2MjhYWFPPnkk+zYsQNfX1+xY81qs6L8gYEBLl26xMmTJ4mNjSU5ORkPDw+xY816Vl9+V1cXx48fR61Ws2XLFtatWyd2JJth1eVfunSJ48ePYzQa2bFjB8HBwWJHsilWWf7AwADnzp2jtraWkJAQEhISbO6DEayB1ZXf2dlJYWEhOp2OzZs388ILL0y+fCozL6spXxAErly5wuHDhwkICCA9PZ2goCDJH2dnSVZR/tDQECUlJVRUVLBt2zbi4uJwdXWVn79bmKjlC4LA4OAgH3zwAa2trXz66aeEhYWJGUlSRFvhGxwcpKKigtTUVPz9/SktLZWLn2EzPvPHxsbo7u7m+++/58yZM+zevZsNGzbMdAwZM1x+b28vVVVVXLx4EaVSSWlpqVlfex8dHaW9vZ25c+cSEBAgP0t4hBkpf2BggPr6en799VdUKhVr165l/fr1ODo68tdffwFM7tw96v+HXabRaDh79iy3b99m1apVhIeHs3TpUhwdHad0+6lcZypaWlrQ6/VWvyg1I+V3dHSwf/9+NBoNK1eupLW1lba2tgdefyrvhrnfdcbHx2lpaeHq1aucOHGCkJAQVqxY8cjP1pnueP/8888Dr6fVasnNzSUmJkba5e/du5fm5mb6+vpobGwkNTWV5ORk4P9/zLv/8P/+frpfGwwGfHx8cHZ2Zs2aNQQFBd1zgMeDxpvuz7du3Xrf37m0tJQlS5bQ1dV138uticXKj42NZfny5WRnZ9Pd3U1FRQVxcXHExcVZaki0Wi3Ozs4kJSURGBiIu7v7jK4V1NfX4+vrS1paGnl5eTM2rqksUv7BgwdRKpV8/PHHeHl5MTg4iKurK97e3pYYbpKnpycxMTE4OTmJcrh2Xl4ev//+OwqFAmdnZ3p7e1mwYMGM55gyU8/S8LAzbQQFBQlVVVV3/MxoNApGo9HU4aze119/LahUKsFgMAijo6NCZGSk0NTUJHashzL79Lhx4wYjIyP3PIWzs7OzyeVanU7Hzz//jNFoxMHBAXt7e7RaLZ6entTV1TE+Pi52xAcye/murq44Oztz8+ZN4L87SH19fXR2dtrk2bavX7/O4cOHOXr0KFVVVej1ejIzM9FoNFRWVtLa2ip2xAe644ya0/GwM2ru2bOHs2fPsmvXLoxGIx0dHTg6OvLmm2/i5ub2WIFl5mOR8gFycnIwGAwoFAoiIiJISUkxOaTMMixWvsz6WcXr+bLpOXLkCLW1tRgMBvLz83Fzc2Pnzp0AbNy4cXIh7VFm1Zs2ZP+1cuVKfvnlF4KDg1mwYAEuLi6EhIQQFRVFaGjolO9HLt8KVVdXU1ZW9sDLn3vuOWJiYggICMDDwwO9Xo+bmxvbt28nMDBwyuPI5Vuh2NhYrl27RnR0NKdOnbrncoVCwdKlS+nu7kav13Py5EkSEhJwdnae1jgmP+Y7ODiQm5tLUVGRqXche4ixsTF0Oh1vv/02nZ2dZGRk3HFCx0WLFlFfX8/w8DCurq4EBARMfxBTlwYvXLhgliVG2b2Gh4eFwsJCYfPmzUJ5ebkwPDx8z3UqKyuF2NhYIS8vz+RxTJ75a9euNfWmskdQq9UsXLiQo0ePPnBRzN/fH5VKRUFBgcnjmPw8X2Y5Y2NjODk5PfS1EK1Wy3fffUdGRobJ48jlS5i8ty9hcvkSJpcvYXL5EiaXL2Fy+RImly9hcvkSJpcvYXL5EiaXL2Fy+RImly9hcvkSJpcvYXL5EvYf4om7/OEM2HQAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)
Physics-General
Physics-
P-V diagram of a cyclic process ABCA is as shown in figure. Choose the correct statement
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
P-V diagram of a cyclic process ABCA is as shown in figure. Choose the correct statement
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
In the following figure, four curves A, B, C and D are shown. The curves are
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
In the following figure, four curves A, B, C and D are shown. The curves are
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
Six moles of an ideal gas performs a cycle shown in figure. If the temperature are TA = 600 K, TB = 800 K, TC = 2200 K and TD = 1200 K, the work done per cycle is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Six moles of an ideal gas performs a cycle shown in figure. If the temperature are TA = 600 K, TB = 800 K, TC = 2200 K and TD = 1200 K, the work done per cycle is
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
Consider a process shown in the figure. During this process the work done by the system
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Consider a process shown in the figure. During this process the work done by the system
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Physics-General
Physics-
The P-V diagram of a system undergoing thermodynamic transformation is shown in figure. The work done by the system in going from
is 30J and 40J heat is given to the system. The change in internal energy between A and C is
The P-V diagram of a system undergoing thermodynamic transformation is shown in figure. The work done by the system in going from
is 30J and 40J heat is given to the system. The change in internal energy between A and C is
Physics-General