Generally, the mutations are:

Which of the following base analogs exhibit tautomerism?

• Base analogues have structure similar to the common bases (Adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine)
• 5bromouracil is the base analogue for thymine

Point Mutation is caused by:

• Point mutation can be caused due to substitution by a base analogue or due to exposure to ionizing radiations as well
• Point mutation can also be due to deletion or insertion of a base pair

Examples of base analogs are ________.

• Base analogues are naturally occurring molecules having similar structure to common bases
• 5BU has structure similar to thymine
• 2aminopurine has structure similar to purine

Alkyl bases are induced in DNA by which chemical mutagen?

• The alkylating agents helps in crosslinking of DNA which cannot replicate 
• Other mechanism is by replacing hydrogen atoms of DNA with alkyl groups which cannot be repaired by the cell

Base analogs are which type of mutagens?

• Bases are classified into purine and pyrimidine
• Purine include adenine and guanine which are two ringed structures
• Pyrimidine include thymine and uracil which are single ringed structures

Ionizing radiation causes ___________.

• Ionizing radiations have shorter wavelength but high energy
• Ionizing radiations cause single strand break or crosslinking

If the mutation occurs in the non-functional part of DNA, then these mutations may remain as _________.

• Silent mutation does not affect the individual since the change in the nucleic acid sequence doe not alter the amino acid produced.

Mutations are mainly responsible for:

• Not all mutations are harmful
• Some mutations are silent, having no effect
• Development of lactose tolerance is an example for beneficial mutation

_______ is the most mutagenic among UV rays.

• UV B and UV C have mutagenic effects
• The UV C radiations are filtered by the atmosphere
• Transition mutation is caused by UV C

__________is the degree by which differences are seen in parents and their off-springs.

• No two individual is alike due to variation
• Variation is caused due to combination of paternal and maternal genes
• Environmental factors also can influence variation in some cases

Physical mutagens include:

• Mutation cause change in DNA sequence
• Not all mutations are harmful
• Some mutations are beneficial to survive, while some mutations may not produce any effect

Mutation occurs at the time of:

• Mutation can be due to genetic or environmental factors
• The cause of mutation is called mutagen
• The individual affected is called mutant
• Not all mutations are harmful

When a gene pair hides the effect of another gene, the phenomenon is called ____________.

• Genes are specific DNA sequence coding for a particular trait
• The phenotype of an individual is determined by the genotype
• The genotype is represented by the two alleles

Which of the following traits were not used by Mendel?

• Mendel used true breeding plants
• The parent generation were homozygous with contrasting characters
• The contrasting characters of the parents were dominant and recessive

The phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross is?

The F2 generation of will have :

• 9 yellow round
• 3 round green
• 3 yellow wrinkled
• 1 green wrinkled