Environmental Factors – Growth and Development
Environmental Factors
Key Concepts
- Growth and development
- Factors affecting growth and development
- External factors in plants
- Light
- Temperature
- Water
- Mineral nutrients
- Internal factors in plants- Auxin, Gibberellin
- Growth and development in humans
Introduction
Have you noticed that all living organisms grow in size. But have you ever thought how a do they grow?
Explanation
Growth refers to the increase in size of a body or organs, development refers to physiological functional maturation of the organism
Morphogenesis is a process of the development of shape and structure of an organism; differentiation is a process of change in cells, tissues, organs to carry out different function
Environmental factors affecting plant growth and developments
Plant growth ,development are influenced by the environment .The environmental factors are of two types internal and external factors
external factors include light,temperature water,humidity and nutrition .
internal factors include plant hormones such as auxin,gibberillins
Role of light in growth of a plant
Light is most important extanal factor which helps in the process of photosynthesis ,light intensity directly influence on the manufacture of plant food,stem elongation
Role of temperature in plant growth
Some of the plants grow in cold climate and some in hot climate .all metabolic activities of plants are directly affected by temperature variation,low temperature causes injury to plant due to chilling or freezing r very high temperature will affect growth of the plant
Role of water in plant growth
Plant obsorbs water through roots , and uses it for the process of photosynthesis.All the metabolic activities takes place, excess water is lost through during transpiration
Role of mineral nutrients in plant growth
All the metabolic activities required inorganic nutrients ,plant growth is adversely affected by deficiency of nutrients ,other than light, water, and a perfect temperature, organisms need special nutrients to support their food-making process and metabolism, which ultimately boosts growth
Internal Growth Factors
Substance produced by plant body, affects growth of the plant, called plant hormones or phytohormes or growth hormones
Growth regulators are chemical substance which promote, inhibit growth and development in plants
AUXIN
Auxin promote growth,generally produced by the growing apex of stem and root of the plants ,helps in the elongation of shoot and root tips behind apical meristems
Gibberellin
Gibberellins helps in elongation of stems genetically dwarf plants , it breaks seed dormancy In plants, it is produced in embryos, roots, and young leaves and it enhances growth
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